Browsing by Author "Arunachalam, V."

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    Assessment of diversity in coconut varieties for drought responsive physiological traits
    (Journal of Plantation Crops, 2006-08) Kasturi Bai, K.V.; Rajagopal, V.; Arunachalam, V.
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    Bioinformatic prediction of SNP markers in WRKY sequences of palms
    (2011) Manju, K.P.; Arunachalam, V.
    WRKY transcription factors are unique to plants and performs many imperative functions mainly disease resistance. In the present study we have analyzed the WRKY transcription factor gene sequences to assess the variation at single nucleotide level. We have retrieved 525 sequences of WRKY genes of palms of 334 Kb size. The sequences were purified by employing EST trimmer and were clustered into 31 contigs using CAP3. Single nucleotide Polymorph isms (SNP) and insertion/deletions (indels) were detected in contigs using the AUTOSNP software. Alternatively candidate SNP containing contigs were aligned by Clustal X to locate the SNPs. Results from these two methods were compared and false SNPs were eliminated. Finally, about 568 SNPs were found including 250 transitions, 120 transversions and 198 indels. The SNPs were seen at a frequency of 2.84/l00bp in the WRKY sequences of palms. Primers were designed flanking to SNP/ indel sites with potential as markers in palms. We could obtain two novel WRKY-SNP markers (WRKY 7 and WRKY 12) which are not reported before in palms.
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    Biometric analysis of diversity in Pacific Ocean coconut populations
    (Cord, 2002) Ratnambal, M.J.; Arunachalam, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Sarankumar Rizwal; Damodaran, V.
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    Biometric clustering of coconut populations of three Indian Ocean Islands
    (2007-02-08) Kumaran, P.M.; Koshy, P.K.; Arunachalam, V.; Niral, V.; Parthasarathy, V.A.
    Coconut populations of Indian Ocean Islands of Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles were clustered using principal component analysis. A total of 28 vegetative, reproductive and fruit characters were used for analysis. Floral, foliar and fruit characteristics analysis indicated the usefulness of 11 characters for clustering. Five clusters were obtained on the basis of these characters. Nut characters were also found to be good for cluster analysis. All the dwarfs were in one cluster when vegetative and nut characters were considered. While selected, characters of two tails, Comoros Tall and Coco Bleu Tall were also included along with dwarfs indicating die doubtfulness of the genetic nature of these materials. These may be in fact dwarfs erroneously recorded as tails. Cluster analysis did not show any geographical affinity within the region.
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    Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture
    (1994-09) Arunachalam, V.; Kaicker, U.S.
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    Breeding of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.)
    (2008-06) Arunachalam, V.; Rajesh, M.K.
    This review provides a detailed outline of the developments in the field of coconut breeding. Emphasis is laid on research on both classical and molecular genetic tools for improving the coconut palm. The review begins with a short description of origin of coconut, with mention of fossil data. Cytological studies of the palm, with emphasis on karyomorphology and polyploidy, is provided. Methods of genetic improvement, selection, hybridization and use of spontaneous mutations as applied to coconut are highlighted. This review also tries to explore the aspects of breeding in coconut for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress with emphasis on mites, phytoplasma and drought. The need to develop cultivars suitable for product diversification for changing markets is emphasized. A compilation of the genetic architecture of the traits known so far is also made. Important morphometric traits with potential to understand diversity are listed. A sketch of recent efforts in utilizing molecular markers for understanding diversity, developing linkage maps and marker-assisted selection is also made.
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    Characterization of a spicata mutant of coconut palm in India
    (Indian Society for Plantation Crops, 2014-04) Arunachalam, V.; Rajesh, M.K.; Jerard, B.A.; Jayabose, C.; Sairam, C.V.
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    Cocoa
    (2017) Arunachalam, V.
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    Coconut genetic resources - Genetic and molecular approaches
    (2007-02-08) Ratnambal, M.J.; Khumaran, P.M.; Arunachalam, V.; Niral, V.; Anuradha Upadhyay; Parthasarathy, V.A.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Dhenu
    (2009) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Filial, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Kumar, M.; Meenakshi Ganesan, N.; Arulraj, S.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Mitra
    (2009) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Filial, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Bandopadhyay, A.; Ghosh, D.K.; Hore, J.K.; Sarangi, A.; Mitra, S.K.; Chattopadhyay, P.K.; Maity, S.C.; Arulraj, S.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Pratibha
    (2009-05) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Pillai, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Reddy, V.S.K.; Goutham, B.; Kalpana, M.; Raghava Rao, D.V.; Nageswarao, M.B.; Srinivasulu, B.; Vaithilingam, R.; Natarajan, C.; Kumar, M.; Meenakshi Ganesan, N.; Nagwekar, D.D.; Arulraj, S.;
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    Collecting coconut diversity of Orissa, India
    (2004-12) Kumaran, P.M.; Arunachalam, V.; Dash, D.K.
    Ten coconut populations of Orissa, lndia were collected from Konark, Sakhigopal and Purl. uuring rne survey, data pertaining to vegetative, reproductive and fruit component characters were recorded on source populations. The same has been subjected to principal component analysis individually for understanding the divergence. Of the three sets of data used, fruit component characters gave very good results with 82 % of variation explained by PC1 and PC2. The accessions Odissi Giant and Bana were found to be distinct considering this data. When we used the characters having high PC loadings in all the three sets of data, the accession Narangi also joined the cluster containing Bana, although only 66% of variation was explained by PC1 and PC2. During recent cyclone that hit the region severely took toll of many humans and perennial plants. This effort conserved most of coconut diversity of the state which otherwise would have been vanished.
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    Digital phenotyping of coconut and morphological traits associated with eriophyid mite (Aceria guerroronis Keifer) infestation
    (2013-12) Arunachalam, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Elain Apshara, S.; Jayabose, C.; Subaharan, K.; Ravikumar, N.; Palaniswami, C.
    Observations were recorded on traits associated with mite infestation related at two stages of button on six different coconut cultivars over three years. Highly significant correlation was found between mite damage score with color or weight of tepal. Step-wise multiple regression of the data analysis showed color of inner tepal as major trait associated with infestation by eriophyid mite. Other traits are ratio of tepal weight to tepal area, per cent of buttons with pink discoloration or with resin, tepals of regular aestivation and gap between fruit and tepal. Digital phenotype data of 83 image files were used to calculate color signature and correlated the same to mite damage score over three years. Red spectral values were found to vary from 14 to 251, green values to 12 to 237 and blue to vary from 5 to 183. Spectral values red max, green max, 3* Red + Green max had high significant negative correlation (>-0.4) with mite damage. Color and firmness of fruits and tepals of three coconut varieties were further analyzed where, fruits and tepals of COD variety showed high red/green (a* value of Hunterlab) >12. Firmness of 3 month old tepal and fruit of Benualim (BGRT) tall variety was (penetrometer reading >38) higher than other varieties.
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    Edible Leaves of Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal, India
    (2007-09) Arunachalam, V.; Arun Kumar Sit; Malay Bhattacharya
    Many of the traditional leaf vegetables remain underutilized in India. A comprehensive study in a small geographical area, involved survey of rural weekly markets and interview with local people growing/gathering, selling and or/ using these vegetables. We enumerated the market potential, season of availability, common, vernacular and botanical name of 42 species of plants belonging to 28 families. These are either grown or gathered from wild growth from a range of habits and habitats and commonly marketed and used as leaf, tender shoot or flower vegetable in Jalpaiguri District located in Sub Himalayan Terai region of West Bengal. The report covers details of Ethnobotany especially the consumption during festivals and traditional wisdom on medicinal uses etc. Cephalandra leaves for curing diabetes; leaves of water lily for curing piles are few medicinal uses to mention. Use of leaves of Indian Pandan to impart the flavor of aromatic rice to recipes is an interesting finding from the study. Leaves of common weeds such as Gumma (Leucas aspera), water spinach and water lily are marketed and consumed here. Leaves of jute, chickpea, pumpkin and ash gourd are sold in the market where hundred tender shoots varied from US $ 0.2 for sweet potato to US S 2.2 for brahmi (Water Hyssop). The paper concludes with a framework for institutional mechanisms to promote research, development, documentation, marketing and post harvest technology of these plants in order to enhance dietary diversity and nutritional security.
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