Browsing by Author "Bavappa, K.V.A."
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Item 25 Years of arecanut research and development(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Abnormalities in Arecanut(1956) Murthy, K.N.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Abnormalities in arecanut(1959) Murthy, K.N.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Agriculture Research-200 A.D.(1984-11) Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Anthesis and pollen studies in nutmeg Myristica fragrans houtt(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Heen Banda, Y.M.A study of anthesis and pollen viability in nutmeg showed that anthesis started at 3 a. m. and continued upto 5 a. m. The anther dehiscence was observed to take place about 36 hr. in advance of the anthesis between 9 a. m. and 2 p. m. The pollen grains so held inside the flower were released as a cloud at the time of anthesis. The male flowers were shed in about 36 hr. after anthesis. The pollen had a mean diameter of 48.8/1, non-sticky, pilated in sculpture, spherical in shape and without any aperture. No insects were observed to visit the flowers at the time of anthesis. Of the different concentrations of sucrose tested, maximum pollen germination of 74.3% was recorded in 5% sucrose solution. Pollen tube growth was also maximum in this concentration. Pollen germination was observed to start 2 hr. after the dusting of the pollen into the medium and was complete in about 5 hr. The mean stainability of pollen was 96.9%.Item Apomixis in Areca triandra Roxb.(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.Considerable morphological differences were observed in reciprocal hybrids involving A. catechu and A.triandra. While A. catechu x A.triandra hybrids were intermediate for some characters, showed heterosis and dominance for certain other characters, and were highly sterile, A. triandra x A. catechu plants were almost similar to A. triandra and did not indicate any evidence of hybridity. Based on these and the failure of A. catechu pollen to germinate on stigmatic surface of A. triandra, the latter species is inferred to be apomictic. This is further supported by the occurrence of limited extent of meiotic irregularities, reduced pollen fertility, low quantity of pollen and nut set obtained without pollination. It has been inferred that apomixis in A.triandra is autonomous.Item Apomixis in Areca triandra Roxb.(1975) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.Considerable morphological differences were observed in reciprocal hybrids involving A. catechu and A.triandra. While A. catechu x A.triandra hybrids were intermediate for some characters, showed heterosis and dominance for certain other characters, and were highly sterile, A. triandra x A. catechu plants were almost similar to A. triandra and did not indicate any evidence of hybridity. Based on these and the failure of A. catechu pollen to germinate on stigmatic surface of A. triandra, the latter species is inferred to be apomictic. This is further supported by the occurrence of limited extent of meiotic irregularities, reduced pollen fertility, low quantity of pollen and nut set obtained without pollination. It has been inferred that apomixis in A.triandra is autonomous.Item The arecanut palm(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.; Prem Kumar, T.Item Arecanut research and development a success story(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Arecanut yellow leaf disease(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Beneficial effects of crop combination of coconut and cacao(1975-04) Nair, P.K.R.; Rama Varma; Nelliat, E.V.; Bavappa, K.V.A.A field experiment on mixed cropping of coconut and cacao was initiated in 1970-71 in an existing 16-year-old coconut plantation of high-yielding genotypes. Cacao was planted in 2 systems - single hedge (single row of cacao between rows of coconut) and double hedge (2 rows of cacao between rows of coconut). There was also a control plot of pure stand of In 1973 the yield of cacao (number of pods/plant) was identical under both methods of planting but in 1974 it was significantly more in the single hedge. The average increase in the yield of coconut under control, single hedge and double hedge worked out to 64.3, 68 I and 115.9%, respectively, over the pre-experimental yield of the corresponding groups. The increase in the control plot was due to better management practices. The additional increase in yield of coconut under mixed cropping with cacao could be due to the synergistic effect of crop combination.Item Beneficial effects of crop combination of coconut and cacao(2007-02-08) Nair, P.K.R.; Rama Varma; Nelliat, E.V.; Bavappa, K.V.A.A field experiment on mixed cropping of coconut and cacao was initiated in 1970-71 in an existing 16-year-old coconut plantation of high-yielding genotypes. Cacao was planted in 2 systems - single hedge (single row of cacao between rows of coconut) and double hedge (2 rows of cacao between rows of coconut). There was also a control plot of pure stand of In 1973 the yield of cacao (number of pods/plant) was identical under both methods of planting but in 1974 it was significantly more in the single hedge. The average increase in the yield of coconut under control, single hedge and double hedge worked out to 64.3, 68 I and 115.9%, respectively, over the pre-experimental yield of the corresponding groups. The increase in the control plot was due to better management practices. The additional increase in yield of coconut under mixed cropping with cacao could be due to the synergistic effect of crop combination.Item Bibliography on Arecanut-Technical bulletin No. 1(1966-12) Ramachandran, P.R.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Book Reviews-Coconut(1975) Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Breeding and genetics of arecanut, Areca catechu L. - A review(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.Work done so far on the range of variation, floral biology, improvement, and cytogenetics of arecanut is reviewed. The review discusses the need for making intensive collection of cultivars for their evaluation to isolate high yielding lines, locating additional characters correlated with yield and having high heritability, and repeating the selection for a number of generations and assessing the actual gains over an extended period of time against the estimates of the different selection parameters that have been identified so far. The possibility of exploiting hybrid vigour for yield by crossing genetically divergent cultivars and inbred lines has been indicated. It has been suggested that a close study of the related species and genera for useful characters may be taken up with a view to transferring them to the background of A. catechu.Item Breeding in Arecanut(1960) Murthy, K.N.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Cacao under palms(1971) Shama Bhat, K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.There was no adverse affect on the performance of either areca or cacao in a mixed plantation during the period of study. The performance of cacao and coconut is also promising. The root spread of areca and cacao is restricted in the early years with the maximum concentration confined to a core of 60cm radius and 50cm depth. The possibility of raising cacao in the normally spaced coconut and arecanut plantations has been discussed.Item Chromosome numbers in the genus Piper(2007-02-08) Samuel, M.R.A.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Item Clonal multiplication of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)(2007-02-08) Raju, C.R.; Sajini, K.K.; Balachandran, S.M.; Saji, K.V.; Geetha Maheshan, K.; Rajasekharan, P.E.; Geetha, L.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Five mm long tender leaf explants and leaf base explants taken from 3-year-old seedlings were cultured on defined media supplemented with various auxins and cytokinins. Cultures were incubated in the light. The expaints produced callus from the veins at the cut surface in 2-3 weeks on R medium containing 20 mgl-1 2,4-D and 0.1 mgl"1 BAP. Somatic embryoids developed on lowering the 2,4-D concentration and replacing it with NAA. Bipolar and tripolar embryoids originated as snow-white protuberences from die sub-surface layers of the callus. The process of germination of the somatic embryoids was similar to that of normal zygotic embryos. However, the formation of adventitious roots was enhanced with die addition of 0.01 mgl-1 IBA to the medium.Item Cocoa under palms(1972) Shama Bhat, K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.Interplanting cocoa with areca or coconut palms had no adverse effect on the performance of either crop during the period of study. The root spread of areca and cocoa is restricted in the early years, with the maximum concentration confined to a core of 60 cm radius and 50 cm depth. The possibility of raising cocoa in normally-spaced coconut and arecanut plantations is discussed.