Browsing by Author "Biddappa, C.C."
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Item Available Micronutrient Status of the Coconut-tract of Kasaragod District, Kerala(1986-12) Manikandan, P.; Joshi, O.P.; Khan, N.H.; Biddappa, C.C.Item Available micronutrient status of the coconut-tract of Kasaragod District, Kerala(2007-02-08) Manikandan, P.; Joshi, O.P.; Khan, H.H.; Biddappa, C.C.Item Basic and Applied Aspects of Vermicompost - Production and Use in Agri-Horticulture and Some Experiences in Vermicomposting of Coconut Plantation Wastes(2011) Prabhu, S.R.; George V. Thomas; Subramanian, P.; Biddappa, C.C.; Radha D. KaleItem Clove(Syzygium aromaticum L Merr.& Perry) mixed cropping in coconut garden(2007-02-08) Srinivasa Reddy, D.V.; Biddappa, C.C.; Gopalasundaram, P.The morphology and growth patterns of coconut palms provide opportunities to grow a wide range of crops in the interspaces for maximising productivity from a unit area of land per unit time. The crops will have to be selected carefully for a locality/region so that the farmer de-rives the maximum employment opportunities for family labour and high net returns. Clove being an important commercial crop which is suitable to high rainfall humid regions can be successfully cultivated under coconut plantations aged over 20 years with assured irrigation facility during summer months in the west coast of the country. Although, the yield potential of clove under coconut shade is slightly reduced, even then, a coconut small holder would gain more profits.Item Coconut and arecanut based high density multispecies cropping systems(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Kailasam, C.; Khader, K.B.A.; Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, H.H.; Kasthuri Bai, K.V.; Ramadasan, A.; Sundararaju, P.; Bopaiah, B.M.; George V. Thomas; Misra, L.P.; Balasimha, D.; Bhat, N.T.; Shama Bhat, K.High density multispecies cropping models were laid out one each in coconut and arecanut plantations during 1983. Data on various aspects of the system behaviour showed that the yield of coconut and arecanut increased to the extent of 176% and 12S% respectively in the two systems. The possibility of getting additional yields due to cropping system approach was, evident. There was no marked yield difference of the crops in the full, two-third and one-third levels of fertilizers applied though depletion in N and Mg balance was indicated. The air space utilisation was 31% in coconut while it was 63% in the arecanut system. The biomass production of the two systems showed that there was substantial increase in coconut biomass while the biomass of other crops remained more or less the same. In general, there was build-up of P and K nutrients in the systems. Under the arecanut system N also showed increased balance. There was improved microbial activity in the systems. No serious pest and disease management problems were indicated due to the high density cropping system approach. A number of crop varieties and hybrids tolerant/resistant to the nematode pathogen could be identified. The interaction of various, factors for exploiting higher levels of productivity through a system approach and the need for predicting crop choices based on data and crop performance are discussed in the paper.Item Coconut and arecanut based high density multispecies cropping systems(1986-12) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Kailasam, C.; Khader, K.B.A.; Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, N.H.; Kasthuri Bai, K.V.; Ramadasan, A.; Sundararaju, P.; Bopaiah, B.M.; George V. Thomas; Misra, L.P.; Balasimha, D.; Bhat, N.T.; Shama Bhat, K.High density multispecies cropping models were laid out one each in coconut and arecanut plantations during 1983. Data on various aspects of the system behaviour showed that the yield of coconut and arecanut increased to the extent of 176% and 125% respectively in the two systems. The possibility of getting additional yields due to cropping system approach was evident. There was no marked yield difference of the crops in the full, two-third and one-third levels of fertilizers applied though depletion in N and Mg balance was indicated. The air space utilisation was 31% in coconut while it was 63% in the arecanut system. The biomass production of the two systems showed that there was substantial increase in coconut biomass while the biomass of other crops remained more or less the same. In general, there was build-up of P and K nutrients in the systems. Under the arecanut system N also showed increased .balance. There was improved microbial activity in the systems. No serious pest and disease management problems were indicated due to the high density cropping system approach. A number of crop varieties and hybrids tolerant/resistant to the nematode pathogen could be identified. The interaction of various factors for exploiting higher levels of productivity through a system approach and the need for predicting crop choices based on data and crop performance are discussed in the paper.Item Coconut based cropping/farming systems in India(2007-02-08) Srinivasa Reddy, D.V.; Biddappa, C.C.Item Coir pith - Its use in homestead poultry farm(1999) Maheswarappa, H.P.; Dhanapal, R.; Biddappa, C.C.; George V. ThomasA trial was conducted at CPCRI, Kasaragod to study the feasibility of using coir pith as bedding material in homestead poultry unit, and its nubitive value as rnanureatlater stages. The results revealed that, coir pith can be used as a bedding material without affecting poultry birds in deep litter system After 80 days, the coir pith was enriched withpoultry droppings and its chemicalproperties like lignin and cellulose contents were decreased to 12.2 and 15.0 per cent respectively from the orginal values Of34.8 and 28.6 per cent respectively. The C: N ratio came down to 10:1 from the intial value of 93:1 and was richer vn major and micro-nutrients compared to raw coir pith The microbialpopulation was higher in coir pith enriched withpoultry dropings compared to raw coir pith.Item Coir pith - Its use in poultry farm(2007-02-08) Maheswarappa, H.P.; Dhanapal, R.; Biddappa, C.C.; George V. ThomasItem Comparison of techniques for organic manure production from plantation wastes(2007-02-08) Biddappa, C.C.; Palaniswami, C.; Upadhyay, A.K.; Ramanujam, B.The studies on organic manure preparation from plantation wastes viz. coir pith, areca wastes and coffee husk revealed that recovery per cent was highest in case of coffee husk followed by areca waste and coir pith. Highest recovery was recorded using chemical technique followed by anaerobic, aerobic and lastly microbial (Pleurotus sajor caju) technique. The C/N ratio was found to be the least in areca waste (7.82) and amongst the methods of composting, it was aerobic method (8.73). The nutritive value (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) of final compost was found to be more than the base material used. The pith - fibre ratio decreased to as low as 3.3 from initial value of 7.3 after composting of coir pith. The microbial load was higher for areca and coffee husk compost over their base materials. The cost of preparation of organic manure was found to be the least in chemical followed by anaerobic technique.Item Cultivating clove in coconut garden(2007-02-08) Srinivasa Reddy, D.V.; Gopalasundaram, P.; Biddappa, C.C.The morphology and growth patterns of coconut palms provide opportunities to grow a wide range of crops in the interspaces for maximizing productivity from unit area of land per unit time. The crops should be selected carefully for a locality/region so that the farmers derive the maximum employment opportunities for their family labour and high net returns. Clove being the important commercial crop, suits to high rainfall humid regions. It can be successfully cultivated under coconut plantations aged over 20 years with assured irrigation facility during summer in the west coast of the country. Although the yield potential of clove under coconut shade is slightly reduced, even then a coconut small-holder would gain substantially more profits.Item Distribution pattern of heavy metals in coconut crown under root (wilt) diseased and healthy conditions(1984-12) Biddappa, C.C.The heavy metal contents in the coconut crown was evaluated both in root (wilt) diseased and healthy coconut palms. The studies indicated that the concentration of Cr, Pb, Ba, Bi, Ga, Sr and Li were significantly higher in the diseased palms. The localisation and translocation of heavy metals in different leaf positions are primarily dependent on nature of the metal ion itselfItem Distribution pattern of heavy metals in coconut crown under root (wilt) diseased and healthy conditions(2007-02-08) Biddappa, C.C.The heavy metal contents in the coconut crown was evaluated both in root (wilt) diseased and healthy coconut palms. The studies indicated that the concentration of Cr, Pb, Ba, Bi, Ga, Sr and Li were significantly higher in the diseased palms. The localisation and translocation of heavy metals in different leaf positions are primarily dependent on nature of the metal ion itself.Item Effect of coir dust blended fertilisers on the carbon and nutrient dynamics in the coastal sandy soils(2007-02-08) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.The effect of blending coir dust with fertilizers on the changes in carbon, nitrogen and potassium fractions in the coastal sandy soils of Kerala was evaluated. The results indicated that the organic carbon content decreased progressively with time in all the treatments. The ethonol -benzene extractable carbon has decreased while the acid soluble fraction increased after Smonths application. It appears that the application of NPK fertilizers generally favoured the accumulation of humic acid in the Soils. The available nitrogen showed a similar trend as that of organic carbon. There was no marked change in the ammoniacal nitrogen fraction between the treatments. However, nitrate nitrogen content significantly. increased when NPK alone was applied. Where as with NPK blended with coir dust increased the nitrate nitrogen content marginally suggesting the nitrification inhibition properties of coir dust. All the K fractions were increased when coir dust blended with inorganic fertilizers. This clearly indicates that loss of K fractions in the sandy soils could be minimised considera-bly by blending the inorganic fertilizers with that of coir dust.Item Effect of coir dust blended fertilizers on carbon and nitrogen changes in a coastal sandy soil(1988-12) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.; Hameed Khan, H.The effect of blending coconut coir dust with fertilizers on the changes in carbon and nitrogen fractions in a coastal sandy soil of Kerala was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results indicated that the available nitrogen decreased progressively with time of incubation in all the treatments. The organic carbon content showed a similar trend as that of available nitrogen. The ethanol benzene extractable carbon has decreased whereas acid extractable carbon increased after eight months of incubation. It appears that the application of N P K fertilizer generally favours the accumulation of humic acid in the soil. There was no marked changes in the ammonical nitrogen during the period of incubation. The N P K treatment increased the nitrate nitrogen content of the soil whereas with N P K + coir dust treatment the increase was marginal suggesting nitrification inhibition property of coir dust.Item Effect of coir dust on mineralisation of urea Nitrogen in coconut growing red sandy loam soil (Arenic paleustults)(2007-02-08) Joshi, O.P.; Hameed Khan, H.; Biddappa, C.C.; Manikandan, P.Item Effect of coir dust on mineralisation of urea nitrogen in coconut growing red sandy loam soils (Arenuc Paleustults)(1985-12) Joshi, O.P.; Hameed Khan, H.; Biddappa, C.C.; Manikandan, P.Laboratory incubation studies revealed that blending urea with retted and unretted coir dust resulted in inhibition/immobilization of urea nitrogen. Blending of urea with unretted coir dust in 1: 1 proportions resulted in accumulation of NH4+-N and retted coir dust in the same proportion led to lowest production of NH4+-N. During the incubation period NOj -N appeared to be withdrawn from the system in urea blended with unretted coir dust (1:1) treatment, whereas its production was lower in the case of other combinations of urea with retted (1: 1 and 9 :1) and unretted coir dust (9:1) compared to urea. Production of total mineralised nitrogen was consistently lowest when urea was blended with retted coir dust (1: 1). Unretted coir dust (1:1) produced lower mineralised nitrogen than urea alone and the other blendings with lower proportions of retted and unretted coir dust (9: 1) showed intermediate behaviour. The results indicated the usefulness of blending urea with coir dust for controlled and gradual release of urea nitrogen. It has a bearing in the fertilizer programmes for perennial plantation crops largely grown in soils prone to heavy leaching losses.Item Effect of coir dust on mineralisation of urea, nitrogen in coconut growing red sandy loam soils (Arenue Paleustults)(Indian Society for Plantation Crops, 1985-12) Joshi, O.P.; Hameed Khan, H.; Biddappa, C.C.; Manikandan, P.Item Effect of heavy metals on micronutrient nutrition of coconut(1988-10) Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, H.H.; Joshi, O.P.; Manikandan, P.The influence of root feeding of Cd, Al, Cr, Ba, Bi and Pb on the micro-nutrient concentration in coconut crown was studied. Results indicate that the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu had, in general, increased due to heavy metal treatments in all the leaf positions. Significantly higher concentration of Fe due to Cr treatment, Mn due to Bi, Zn due to Ba and Cu due to Pb was observed.Item Effect of heavy metals on micronutrient nutrition of coconut(2007-02-08) Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, H.H.; Joshi, O.P.; Manikandan, P.The influence of root feeding of Cd, Al, Cr, Ba, Bi and Pb on the micro-nutrient concentration in coconut crown was studied. Results indicate that the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu had, in general, increased due to heavy metal treatments in all the leaf positions. Significantly higher concentration of Fe due to Cr treatment, Mn due to Bi, Zn due to Ba and Cu due to Pb was observed.