Browsing by Author "Chacko Mathew"

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    AIDS to diagnose nutrient deficiency symptoms in coconut
    (2007-02-08) Chacko Mathew
    The coconut palm is unique in that once it starts flowering the production phase lasts almost throughout the year and all through its life. Therefore, there is bound to be a steady utilisation of nutrients by the tree and consequent depletion of the same in the soil. The average annual loss of the important nutrient elements has been estimated to be 56.2 kg. nitrogen, 13.0 kg. phosphorus 70.9 kg. potassium, 34.3 kg. calcium and 12.6 kg. magnesium from a hectare of land carrying 175 coconut palms. This data clearly indicate that there is large depletion of potassium and nitrogen and lesser depletion of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus from coconut gardens-When soil is depleted of the essential nutrient elements, naturally, coconut palms growing on such soils tend to show signs of hunger, which are manifested in different ways.
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    Alterations in the leaf protein content of coconut affected by root (wilt) disease
    (2007-02-08) Padmaja, G.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Chacko Mathew; Nambiar, P.T.N.; Snehi Dwivedi, R.
    Changes in the protein content of leaves from healthy and root wilt affected coconut palms have been studied. Alkali—extractable, water—extractable and ethanol—extractable protein fractions were found to be higher in the healthy palms when compared to the diseased palms. A preferential extraction of proteins at low pH values could be obtained in the middle and outer leaves from apparently healthy and diseased palms. An increase of 53.7% and 24.9% over the protein values in the healthy palms was noticed in the middle and outer leaves respectively of the apparently healthy palms while the increase was 42.8% and 14% in the respective leaves of diseased palms. The implications of the protein changes in root (wilt) disease have been discussed.
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    Alterations in the leaf protein content of coconut affected by root (wilt) disease
    (1980-02) Padmaja, G.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Chacko Mathew; Nambiar, P.T.N.; Snehi Dwivedi, R.
    Changes in the protein content of leaves from healthy and root wilt affected coconut palms have been studied. Alkali—extractable, water—extractable and ethanol—extractable protein fractions were found to be higher in the healthy palms when compared to the diseased palms. A preferential extraction of proteins at low pH values could be obtained in the middle and outer leaves from apparently healthy and diseased palms. An increase of 53.7% and 24.9% over the protein values in the healthy palms was noticed in the middle and outer leaves respectively of the apparently healthy palms while the increase was 42.8% and 14% in the respective leaves of diseased palms. The implications of the protein changes in root (wilt) disease have been discussed.
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    Barren nut production in coconut
    (2007-02-08) Chacko Mathew
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    Carbonic anhydrase activity in relation to nut yield of coconut palm
    (2007-02-08) Snehi Dwivedi, R.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Sunny Ninan
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    Carbonic anhydrase activity versus acidity in low yielding & high yielding coconut palms (Cocos nucifera Linn.)
    (1980-10) Padmaja, G.; Sumathikutty Amma, B.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.; Snehi Dwivedi, R.
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    Carbonic anhydrase, biologically active zinc and carbon fixation in coconut palm
    (2007-02-08) Dwivedi, R.S.; Chacko Mathew; Michael, K.J.; Amma, B.S.K.; Ray, P.K.; Sunny Ninan
    Activity of carbonic anhydrase in the first fully opened leaf (FFL) of erect canopied palms (EC) was higher than that of spherical canopied palms (SC) but the reverse was true in case of middle leaves (ML). The carbon fixation rate of FFL and ML of SC palms did not differ significantly but in EC palms CO2 assimilation of former leaf was higher than latter one. However the C02 assimilation rate in FFL of EC palms did not differ markedly with FFL and ML of SC palms. But C02 fixation in ML of SC palms was significantly higher than that of EC palms. This is correlated with EDTA-zinc (biologically active zinc) but not with total zinc, since in all types of palms the total zinc ranged from 24-28ppm. Also the nut yield in SC palms was found to exceed by 1.2-2.5 times over that in EC palms. Irrespective of canopy structure, the root (wilt) dieseased palms also showed the same trend as that of EC palms. The correlation coefficient values of biologically active zinc, total zinc and carbonic anhydrase was found to be 0.94, 0.66 and 0.78, respectively, with CO2 assimilation rate; and 0.90, 0.56 and 0.76, respectively, with nut yield. This reveals that it is not the total zinc but it is carbonic anhydrase activity and the biologically active zinc which play an important role in regulating CO2 fixation and nut yield of coconut.
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    Certain closely associated morphological symptoms of root (wilt) disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera)
    (1979-06) Snehi Dwivedi, R.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Sunny Ninan
    The morphological symptoms of root (wilt) diseased coconut palms are manifested by softening and whitening of leaflets of the spindle with necrotic spots followed by rotting. Interveinal yellowing in the leaves of the middle whorl was an additional symptom. These symptoms are important in the early diagnosis of the disease in field-grown palms.
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    Certain closely associated morphological symptoms of root (wilt) disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera)
    (2007-02-08) Snehi Dwivedi, R.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.; Amma, B.S.K.; Sunny Ninan
    The morphological symptoms of root (wilt) diseased coconut palms are manifested by softening and whitening of leaflets of the spindle with necrotic spots followed by rotting. Interveinal yellowing in the leaves of the middle whorl was an additional symptom. These symptoms are important in the early diagnosis of the disease in field-grown palms.
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    Changes in carbohydrate content of coconut palm affected by root (wilt) disease
    (2007-02-08) Chacko Mathew
    Changes in the carbohydrate content were studied in root (wilt) infected coconut palms. Total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars were significantly higher in the leaves of infected palms. But a depletion of these sugars was observed in the roots of diseased palms, indicating thereby a possible block in the translocation process. Starch and total carbohydrates were at a reduced level in the leaves and roots of infected palms.
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    Changes in carbohydrate content of coconut palm affected by root (wilt) diseases
    (1977-12) Chacko Mathew
    Changes in the carbohydrate content were studied in root (wilt) infected coconut palms. Total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars were significantly higher in the leaves of infected palms. But a depletion of these sugars was observed in the roots of diseased palms, indicating thereby a possible block in the translocation process. Starch and total carbohydrates were at a reduced level in the leaves and roots of infected palms.
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    Check these disorders in coconut
    (2007-02-08) Chacko Mathew
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    Chlorophyll content in certain cultivars and hybrids of coconut
    (2007) Chacko Mathew; Ramadasan, A.
    N/2 or (N+1/2) leaf (where N is the total number of leaves) were determined to be the most representative one for chlorophyll estimations in coconut. Significant differences in the chlorophyll content were noted among the different varieties and hybrids of coconut. The two high yielding hybrids, viz., T x D and D x T, possessed more chlorophyll than West Coast Tall, Dwarf Grange and Dwarf Green. Chlorophyll content was lowest in the Dwarf Orange variety.
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    Chlorophyll content in certain cultivars and hybrids of coconut
    (2007-02-08) Chacko Mathew; Ramadasan, A.
    N/2 or (N+l/2) leaf (where N is the total number of leaves) were determined to be the most representative one for chlorophyll estimations in coconut. Significant differences in the chlorophyll content were noted among the different varieties and hybrids of coconut. The two high yielding hybrids, viz., Tx D and D x T, possessed more chlorophyll than West Coast Tall, Dwarf Orange and Dwarf Green. Chlorophyll content was lowest in the Dwarf Orange variety.
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    Control of root (wilt) disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera) with micronutrients, phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid
    (1980-09) Snehi Dwivedi, R.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.
    Certain phenolic compounds, micronulrienls, and ascorbic acid markedly reduced root (wilt) disease symptoms on coconut. The improvement was most pronounced when all three treatments were applied in combination. Yield also increased significantly in all treatments except phenolic compounds.
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    Control of root (wilt) disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera) with micronutrients, phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid
    (2007-02-08) Snehi Dwivedi, R.; Sumathy Kutty Amma, B.; Chacko Mathew; Ray, P.K.
    Certain phenolic compounds, micronulrienls, and ascorbic acid markedly reduced root (wilt) disease symptoms on coconut. The improvement wai most pronounced when all three treatments were applied in combination. Yield also increased significantly in all treatments except plienolic compounds.