Browsing by Author "Kumaran, P.M."

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    Anthesis and anther dehiscence of cashew flower
    (2007-02-08) Mohan, K.V.J.; Kumaran, P.M.; Murthy, K.N.; Nayar, N.M.
    Round the clock observations on anthesis were made for five consecutive days in three periods of flowering viz., early December, mid-February, and late April. The peak period of anthesis of male flower was around 6 b and the same for bisexual flower was around 11 h. The time taken for anther to dehisce with respect to flowers opened at different hours starting from 6 h was recorded. The time required for dehiscence reduced linearly as the day advanced.
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    Application of satellite imagery to identify vegetation types - a case study on coconut
    (JPC, 2004-12) Utpala Parthasarathy; Kumaran, P.M.; Das, M.M.
    Remote sensing data stored in digital tapes of images can be interpreted by employing computers which can process spectral reflectance properties of objects, every pixel, using fundamental statistical pattern recognition technique. In the present study Satellite imagery of the Kasaragod district of Kerala amid Kamrup district of Assam were used to study coconut area. A cropping pattern map has been drawn for coconut and other important crops of the districts. It is noticed that in case or Kasaragod, which has a vast coconut cultivation it is very easy to identify it in the imagery, but in the case of Kamrup where the cultivation is only in homestead, the identification is not easy in 1:50,000 scale. A data with higher resolution can solve the problem.
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    Assessment of the genetic diversity of Indian coconut accessions and their relationship to other cultivars, using microsatellite markers
    (No. 145 Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter, 2006) Devakumar, K.; Jayadev, K.; Rajesh, M.K.; Chandrasekhar, A.; Manimekalai, R.; Kumaran, P.M.; Parthasarathy, V.A.
    Coconut cultivation in the Indian subcontinent over many centuries has given rise to diverse cultivar types, identi- fied based on discernible morphological traits, geographical locations and farmers’ choice. The Indian coconut germplasm base has also been enriched through introductions from other major coconut growing regions of the world. This study assessed the genetic diversity in a range of coconut accessions, and their relationship to other major coconut cultivars, using microsatellite markers. Microsatellite assay was used for 23 Indian accessions (15 Talls and 6 Dwarfs) and for 21 exotic accessions (18 Talls and 6 Dwarfs). A total of 48 alleles were detected in the Indian accessions by using 8 microsatellite primers (average 6 alleles per locus). More alleles were detected in the Indian accessions than in the exotics, indicating the presence of a wide allelic spectrum in the Indian accessions. Mean gene diversity ranged from 0.00 for ‘Chowghat Green Dwarf’ to 0.59 for ‘Lakshadweep Ordinary Tall’, with an overall mean of 0.32. The within-population variation was slightly higher (53%) than the betweenpopulation variation (47%), suggesting recent local adaptation and subsequent divergence among Indian cultivars. An UPGMA dendrogram separated the Indian accessions into two groups, one clustering with South-east Asian cultivars, which are introgressed types, and another clustering with African and Sri Lankan cultivars. The results are discussed in terms of diversity of Indian coconut accessions and relationships to other major coconut cultivars.
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    Biometric clustering of coconut populations of three Indian Ocean Islands
    (2007-02-08) Kumaran, P.M.; Koshy, P.K.; Arunachalam, V.; Niral, V.; Parthasarathy, V.A.
    Coconut populations of Indian Ocean Islands of Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles were clustered using principal component analysis. A total of 28 vegetative, reproductive and fruit characters were used for analysis. Floral, foliar and fruit characteristics analysis indicated the usefulness of 11 characters for clustering. Five clusters were obtained on the basis of these characters. Nut characters were also found to be good for cluster analysis. All the dwarfs were in one cluster when vegetative and nut characters were considered. While selected, characters of two tails, Comoros Tall and Coco Bleu Tall were also included along with dwarfs indicating die doubtfulness of the genetic nature of these materials. These may be in fact dwarfs erroneously recorded as tails. Cluster analysis did not show any geographical affinity within the region.
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    Coconut breeding in India - Status and future prospects
    (Coconut Development Board, 2006-05) Niral, V.; Samsudeen, K.; Kumaran, P.M.
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    Coconut community in India -a profile
    (CPCRI, 2001-09) Arulraj, S.; Rajagopal, V.; Sairam, C.V.; Thamban, C.; Anithakumari, P.; Dhanapal, R.; Bosco, S.J.D.; Subaharan, K.; Naresh Kumar, S.; George V. Thomas; Vinayaka Hegde; Kumaran, P.M.; Parthasarathy, V.A.
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    Coconut descriptors Part-1
    (2007-02-08) Ratnambal, M.J.; Nair, M.K.; Muralidharan, K.; Kumaran, P.M.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Pillai, R.V.
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    Coconut embryo culture - Protocol for germplasm collection
    (CPCRI, 2002-10) Anitha Karun; Parthasarathy, V.A.; Kumaran, P.M.; Iyer, R.D.; Sajini, K.K.
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    Coconut varietal improvement - A reflection of 50 Years of research
    (2007-02-08) Parthasarathy, V.A.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Kumaran, P.M.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Dhenu
    (2009) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Filial, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Kumar, M.; Meenakshi Ganesan, N.; Arulraj, S.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Mitra
    (2009) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Filial, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Bandopadhyay, A.; Ghosh, D.K.; Hore, J.K.; Sarangi, A.; Mitra, S.K.; Chattopadhyay, P.K.; Maity, S.C.; Arulraj, S.
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    Coconut variety Kalpa Pratibha
    (2009-05) Niral, V.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Samsudeen, K.; Arunachalam, V.; Kumaran, P.M.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Pillai, R.V.; Satyabalan, K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Nair, M.K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, R.V.; George V. Thomas; Reddy, V.S.K.; Goutham, B.; Kalpana, M.; Raghava Rao, D.V.; Nageswarao, M.B.; Srinivasulu, B.; Vaithilingam, R.; Natarajan, C.; Kumar, M.; Meenakshi Ganesan, N.; Nagwekar, D.D.; Arulraj, S.;
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    Collecting coconut diversity of Orissa, India
    (2004-12) Kumaran, P.M.; Arunachalam, V.; Dash, D.K.
    Ten coconut populations of Orissa, lndia were collected from Konark, Sakhigopal and Purl. uuring rne survey, data pertaining to vegetative, reproductive and fruit component characters were recorded on source populations. The same has been subjected to principal component analysis individually for understanding the divergence. Of the three sets of data used, fruit component characters gave very good results with 82 % of variation explained by PC1 and PC2. The accessions Odissi Giant and Bana were found to be distinct considering this data. When we used the characters having high PC loadings in all the three sets of data, the accession Narangi also joined the cluster containing Bana, although only 66% of variation was explained by PC1 and PC2. During recent cyclone that hit the region severely took toll of many humans and perennial plants. This effort conserved most of coconut diversity of the state which otherwise would have been vanished.
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    Collecting coconut germplasm from Karnataka, lndia
    (2000) Niral, V.; Samsudeen, K.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Kumaran, P.M.
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    Combining ability in coconut (Cocos nucifera)
    (2007-02-08) Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Kumaran, P.M.; Jerard, B.A.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Parthasarathy, V.A.
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    Cryopreservation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos after pre-growth desiccation
    (2006) Sajini, K.K.; Anitha Karun; Kumaran, P.M.
    Coconut, being a recalcitrant species with large nuts, cryopreservation is the only option for long-term conservation of coconut . genetic resources, which can provide a viable backup to field gene banks. A simple cryopreservation technique involving pregrowth desiccation using sucrose was standardized for coconut zygotic embryos. Zygotic embryos extracted from WCT variety ofc!?conut were pre-grown in I M, 2M and 3M concentrations of sucrose and thereafter subjected to liquid nitrogen exposure for 24 hours. The results showed that 1M sucrose pre-treatment was not sufficient for dehydration as it resulted in death of the embryos after cryogenic treatment. At 2M and 3M sucrose concentrations, the moisture content of the embryos was reduced to 30% and 27% with the corresponding final recovery of plantlets after cryopreservation of 20.8% and 29%, respectively.
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    Cryopreservaton of coconut (Cocos nucifera .L) pollen
    (2006) Anitha Karun; Meera Nair; Sajini, K.K.; Kumaran, P.M.; Samsudheen, K.
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    Evaluation of coconut hybrids for tender nut purpose
    (2007-09) Elain Apshara, S.; Arunachalam, V.; Jayabose, C.; Kumaran, P.M.
    Evaluation of coconut hybrids for their suitability as tender nut was undertaken. Physical, bio-chemical, organoleptic characters and mineral composition of tender coconuts of six released hybrids COD x WCT (Chandrasankara), LCT x COD (Chandralaksha), LCT x GBGD (Lakshaganga), WCT x COD (Kerasankara), WCT x GBGD (Keraganga), WCT x MYD (Kerasree) were studied with COD (Chowghat Orange Dwarf) as control. Fruits were harvested at three different stages of maturity. Quantity and quality of tender nut water and meat differed significantly among the hybrids and between the stages of maturity. The tender nuts of hybrids COD x WCT and LCT x COD weighed less but have more volume of water. TSS and pH were the maximum in the same hybrids. Total sugars, reducing sugars and amino acid contents were more in COD x WCT and LCT x COD. Minerals, such as potassium and sodium were at optimal levels in the same hybrids. Organoleptic evaluation showed that the hybrids Chandrasankara and Chandralaksha were the best for tender nut purpose as both of them ranked good for taste of water and meat at the age of 7 months during summer season.
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    Evaluation of coconut hybrids in rainfed conditions
    (2006) Kumaran, P.M.; Arunachalam, V.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Pillai, R.V.; Ratnambal, M.J.; Niral, V.; Nampoothiri, C.G.N.
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    Evaluation of commercially important chemical constituents in wild black pepper types
    (2007-02) Mathai, C.K.; Kumaran, P.M.; Chandy, K.C.
    Matured black pepper berries from 8 wild types, on chemical screening, showed wide variations in commercially important constituents. The results have been compared with those of the cultivated varieties. The possibility of exploitation of this information in black pepper quality improvement programmes is discussed.