Browsing by Author "Nair, M.K."
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Item Advances in coconut research and development(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Khan, H.H.; Gopalasundaram, P.; Bhaskara Rao, E.V.V.Item Apomixis in Areca triandra Roxb.(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.Considerable morphological differences were observed in reciprocal hybrids involving A. catechu and A.triandra. While A. catechu x A.triandra hybrids were intermediate for some characters, showed heterosis and dominance for certain other characters, and were highly sterile, A. triandra x A. catechu plants were almost similar to A. triandra and did not indicate any evidence of hybridity. Based on these and the failure of A. catechu pollen to germinate on stigmatic surface of A. triandra, the latter species is inferred to be apomictic. This is further supported by the occurrence of limited extent of meiotic irregularities, reduced pollen fertility, low quantity of pollen and nut set obtained without pollination. It has been inferred that apomixis in A.triandra is autonomous.Item Apomixis in Areca triandra Roxb.(1975) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.Considerable morphological differences were observed in reciprocal hybrids involving A. catechu and A.triandra. While A. catechu x A.triandra hybrids were intermediate for some characters, showed heterosis and dominance for certain other characters, and were highly sterile, A. triandra x A. catechu plants were almost similar to A. triandra and did not indicate any evidence of hybridity. Based on these and the failure of A. catechu pollen to germinate on stigmatic surface of A. triandra, the latter species is inferred to be apomictic. This is further supported by the occurrence of limited extent of meiotic irregularities, reduced pollen fertility, low quantity of pollen and nut set obtained without pollination. It has been inferred that apomixis in A.triandra is autonomous.Item The arecanut palm(2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Nair, M.K.; Prem Kumar, T.Item Biotechnological achievements in plantation crops(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Anitha KarunThe conventional breeding techniques in improving plantation crops are slow and time-consuming, because of their iong juvenile phase, heterozygous outcrossing nature, and large area needed for their experimentation. Biotechnology can only be considered as a supplementary new tool to solve specific problems. Generally the plantation crops are beset with a narrow genetic base, lack of an inbred population, adequate land for field testing the selections and hybrids for yield and quality characters. The most popular and widely commercialized global application of biotechnology has been in the sphere of plant tissue culture— micropropagation. In India, only micropropagation in cardamom has been successfully commercialized among plantation crops.Item Breeding for high yield in coconut(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.The Indian coconut population comprises enormous variability, accrued over the years of its cultivation in the country. Improvement in yield potential so far achieved in coconut has been through conventional breeding methods like selection and hybridisation. Mother palm selection based on the number of nuts and morphological characters genetically correlated with yield were found to improve the efficiency of selection. The concept of prepotency though proposed by Harland in the fifties did not receive attention from coconut breeders. Exploitation of hybrid vigour involving crosses between tall and dwarf has resulted so far in releasing nine hybrids with not only high yield but also precocity in bearing. Exploitation of prepotency, crosses between tall and dwarf possessing wider genetic diversity, utilising prepotent tails and homogeneous dwarfs in breeding for disease and drought tolerance, quality improvement with respect to oil content and evolving plant types suitable for coconut-based farming systems are the future strategies suggested.Item Breeding for resistance/tolerance to coconut root (wilt) disease(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.Item Breeding for resistance/tolerance to coconut root (wilt) disease(1995-05) Nair, M.K.Item Cashew(Anacardium occidentale L.)(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Nambiar, K.K.N.; Nambiar, M.C.Item Central Plantation Crops Research Institute Kasaragod(Indian Coconut Journal, 1990-06) Nair, M.K.; Menon, A.R.S.Item Cinnamon a spice in great demand(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.Item Clove and nutmeg(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.Item Coconut based cropping systems(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Hegde, M.R.Item Coconut based farm family models in India(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Gopalasundaram, P.Item Coconut breeding - Past achievements and future strategies(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Dhamodaran, S.Early efforts of coconut breeding in India included collection and conservation of germplasm initiated in 1930s which received further support of FAO/IBPGR during 1980s. The present Indian germplasm holding with 86 exotic and 41 indigenous accessions is one of the worlds largest assemblage of the crop. Based on the evaluation of indigenous germplasm accessions, two cultivars viz., Laccadive Ordinary (Chandrakalpa) and Banawali Green Round have been released for cultivation. Selection of the prepotent West Cost Tall palms based on progeny performance as well as identification of elite palms gave a new thrust to improve traditional cultivars. The most significant impact was made by the advent of hybrid vigour in crosses involving tails and dwarfs. Research in this line during the last four decades made it possible to release three hybrids viz., Chandrasankara (COD x WCT), Chandralaksha (LO x COD) and Lakshaganga (LO x GB) hybrids. These gave much higher yields than the West Coast Tall (up to 83 per cent in terms of nut and up to 103 per cent in terms of copra out-turn). LO x COD and LO x GB were found to perform well under drought conditions also. Non-availability of sufficient planting materials has been the main constraint in realising the full field impact from these released varieties and hybrids. Efforts have been made to overcome this by establishing a chain of seed gardens in the coconut growing states. Characterization and evaluation of the available germplasm, production of inbred lines followed by hybridization to exploit hybrid vigour to the full extent, exploitation of field tolerance to breed varieties tolerant to root (wilt) disease and Thanjavur wilt and perfecting the technique of developing plantlets through tissue culture for micro-propagation are some of the breeding strategies to achieve the desirable results in coconut breeding.Item Coconut breeding - Past achievements and future strategies(1988) Nair, M.K.; Nampoothiri, K.U.K.; Dhamodaran, S.Early efforts of coconut breeding in India included collection and conservation of germplasm initiated in 1930s which received further support of FAO/IBPGR during 1980s. The present Indian germplasm holding with 86 exotic and 41 indigenous accessions is one of the worlds largest assemblage of the crop. Based on the evaluation of indigenous germplasm accessions, two cultivars viz., Laccadive Ordinary (Chandrakalpa) and Banawali Green Round have been released for cultivation. Selection of the prepotent West Cost Tall palms based on progeny performance as well as identification of elite palms gave a new thrust to improve traditional cultivars. The most significant impact was made by the advent of hybrid vigour in crosses involving tails and dwarfs. Research in this line during the last four decades made it possible to release three hybrids viz., Chandrasankara (COD x WCT), Chandralaksha (LO x COD) and Lakshaganga (LO x GB) hybrids. These gave much higher yields than the West Coast Tall (up to 83 per cent in terms of nut and up to 103 per cent in terms of copra out-turn). LO x COD and LO x GB were found to perform well under drought conditions also. Non-availability of sufficient planting materials has been the main constraint in realising the full field impact from these released varieties and hybrids. Efforts have been made to overcome this by establishing a chain of seed gardens in the coconut growing states. Characterization and evaluation of the available germplasm, production of inbred lines followed by hybridization to exploit hybrid vigour to the full extent, exploitation of field tolerance to breed varieties tolerant to root (wilt) disease and Thanjavur wilt and perfecting the technique of developing plantlets through tissue culture for micro-propagation are some of the breeding strategies to achieve the desirable results in coconut breeding.Item Coconut descriptors Part-1(2007-02-08) Ratnambal, M.J.; Nair, M.K.; Muralidharan, K.; Kumaran, P.M.; Rao, E.V.V.B.; Pillai, R.V.Item Coconut embryo culture: Present status and future thrust(1999) Nair, M.K.; Anitha KarunItem Coconut genetic resources(2007-02-08) Nair, M.K.Item Coconut Production and Productivity(2001-06) Nair, M.K.; Rajesh, M.K.