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Browsing by Author "Nambiar, C.K.B."

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Apply organic manure to reduce coconut mortality on coastal sands
(2007-02-08) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Joshi, O.P.
Available micronutrient status of major soil types under coconut in healthy and root (wilt) affected tracts of Kerala, India
(2007-02-08) Pillai, N.G.; Kamala Devi, C.B.; Wahid, P.A.; Nambiar, C.K.B.
A survey of coconut plantation in Kerala State was carried out. In this, 733 surface soil samples were collected at about 6.5 km intervals and analyzed for available micro nutrients in five major soil types. Because of the low values encountered in a majority of cases, the following soil types are more likely to be deficient of certain elements : coastal sandy and reclaimed marshy soils for Mn, sandy loam soils for Zn, sandy loam and coastal sandy soils for Mo, and coastal sandy soils for B. The distribution of available Cu was uniform in the different soil types excepting coastal sandy soils. The root (wilt) disease affected tracts showed a significant reduction: in the levels of the following micronutrients as compared to healthy tract : Fe, Mn, and Zn in laterite, reclaimed marshy; and coastal sandy soils ; Zn in alluvial soils ; and Mn and Zn in sandy loam soils. The variation in Cu, B, and Mo content in the different soil types between healthy and disease affected tract was negligible. The intensity of deficiency of Mo, Zn, and Mn was 83, 48, and 48 per cent, respectively. The intensity of deficiency of Zn was above 47 per cent in all soil types in only the disease affected tract and that of Mo above 60 per cent in both healthy and disease affected tracts.
Design, development and testing of a batch type solar copra dryer
(2007-02-08) Jaswant Singh; Nambiar, K.K.; Nambiar, C.K.B.
Solar Copra dryer for capacity of 150 coconuts per batch was designed developed and tested. It saved 44 per cent of total drying time, in bringing down the moisture content of Kernel from 53.10 per cent (w.b.) to 6.2 percent (w.b.), compared to open yard drying. The drying cost per 100 nuts was Rs. 3.4S for solar dryer as against Rs. 6.67 for open drying.
Discriminant classification of Kerala soils in relation to incidence of coconut root - (wilt) disease: 1. Soil micronutrient aspects
(2007-02-08) Kamala Devi, C.B.; Narasimhayya, G.; Wahid, P.A.; Nambiar, C.K.B.; Pillai, N.G.; Sharma, S.P.; Velayutham, M.
The analysis of the nutrient data on the soil samples in Kerala collected from the different root (wilt) disease categories depending on the condition of the palm and the area sampled suggested the list of essential nutrients for the discrimination of the soils associated with the categories in different soil types as: 1. Latcritc — Fe, B, Mn, 1 Mo, Cu, S and Zn 2. Alluvial Fe, Mo and Zn 3. Reclaimed marshy — Fe, Zn, Cu, Mo , Mn and B 4. Coastal Sand - Fe, Zn, Cu and Mo 5. Sandy loam - Mn, Cu and Zn The classificatory analysis of the above data on the essential nutrients showed that soils of the above categories can be grouped into three clusters namely Healthy, leading to sick and sick in case of laterite, reclaimed marshy, sandy loam and two clusters as follows: healthy and sick in case of alluvial and coastal sandy soils.
Effect of coir dust blended fertilisers on the carbon and nutrient dynamics in the coastal sandy soils
(2007-02-08) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.
The effect of blending coir dust with fertilizers on the changes in carbon, nitrogen and potassium fractions in the coastal sandy soils of Kerala was evaluated. The results indicated that the organic carbon content decreased progressively with time in all the treatments. The ethonol -benzene extractable carbon has decreased while the acid soluble fraction increased after Smonths application. It appears that the application of NPK fertilizers generally favoured the accumulation of humic acid in the Soils. The available nitrogen showed a similar trend as that of organic carbon. There was no marked change in the ammoniacal nitrogen fraction between the treatments. However, nitrate nitrogen content significantly. increased when NPK alone was applied. Where as with NPK blended with coir dust increased the nitrate nitrogen content marginally suggesting the nitrification inhibition properties of coir dust. All the K fractions were increased when coir dust blended with inorganic fertilizers. This clearly indicates that loss of K fractions in the sandy soils could be minimised considera-bly by blending the inorganic fertilizers with that of coir dust.
Effect of coir dust blended fertilizers on carbon and nitrogen changes in a coastal sandy soil
(1988-12) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.; Hameed Khan, H.
The effect of blending coconut coir dust with fertilizers on the changes in carbon and nitrogen fractions in a coastal sandy soil of Kerala was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results indicated that the available nitrogen decreased progressively with time of incubation in all the treatments. The organic carbon content showed a similar trend as that of available nitrogen. The ethanol benzene extractable carbon has decreased whereas acid extractable carbon increased after eight months of incubation. It appears that the application of N P K fertilizer generally favours the accumulation of humic acid in the soil. There was no marked changes in the ammonical nitrogen during the period of incubation. The N P K treatment increased the nitrate nitrogen content of the soil whereas with N P K + coir dust treatment the increase was marginal suggesting nitrification inhibition property of coir dust.
Effect of different organic sources on the performance of coconut seedlings in coastal sand
(2007-02-08) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Wahid, P.A.; Pillai, N.G.
Response of coconut seedlings during the prebearing stage (5 years) to inorganic fertilisers and addition of organic matter in coastal sand was investigated at the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod. Addition of organic matter, especially farmyard manure or green leaves in combination with inorganic fertilisers resulted in spectacular improvement of the vigour of the seedlings and enhanced their early establishment in the sand. Despite the porous nature of sand, fertiliser application helped to retain P and K. Organic matter content of sand was increased following continuous annual applications of organic manures for five years.
Effect Of Organic Manuring On Some Physical Properties And Water Retention Of Coastal Sand.
(1982) Joshi, O.P.; Nambiar, C.K.B.; Hameed Khan, H.
Effect of slow release nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer sources in coconut growing coastal sandy soil
(2007-02-08) Bopaiah, M.G.; Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.
Evaluation of sea weeds as manure to coconut
(1975) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Wahid, P.A.; Markose, V.T.
A field trial with sea weed mixture (containing 90% of Cymodocea serrulata as a manure to coconut with and without NPK fertilisers was conducted on an acidic red sandy loam soil for five years. The application of sea weed alone did not increase the nut yield over control while NPK fertilisers increased it. The sea weed material enriched soil exchangeable Na, Ca, and Mg, increased pH, and considerably reduced P in soil. Considering the interaction between soil K and Na, Ca, and Mg and its possible effect on reduced availability of K, it is inferred that the material is not very promising as manure to coconut.
Evaluation of sea weeds as manure to coconut
(2007-02) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Wahid, P.A.; Markose, V.T.
A field trial with sea weed mixture (containing 90% of Cymodocea serrulata as a manure to coconut with and without NPK fertilisers was conducted on an acidic red sandy loam soil for five years. The application of sea weed alone did not increase the nut yield over control while NPK fertilisers increased it. The sea weed material enriched soil exchangeable Na, Ca, and Mg, increased pH, and considerably reduced P in soil. Considering the interaction between soil K and Na, Ca, and Mg and its possible effect on reduced availability of K, it is inferred that the material is not very promising as manure to coconut.
Influence Of High Density Multispecies Cropping On The P And K Forms In The Soil
(1989-06) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.; Bopaiah, M.G.; Kailasam, C.
An account of gain or loss of different fractions of P and K in the soil under the coconut based high density multispecies cropping system over a period of three years has been worked out in a light textured soil at C. P. C. R. I. Kasaragod. In general, all the P fractions increased due to the high density in three year period. Building up of Fe-P in the soil was not marked as compared to Al-P and Ca-P. The Al-P content in the soil of coconut basin of multispecies as well as monocrop is very high at 0-25 cm and 25-50 cms. Wide variation in this fraction in the interspaces of high density and mono-cropping was noticed. There was a general increase in all the fractions of K over a period of three years cropped with different species. However, soil sampled from breadfruit, nutmeg, coffee, pineapple and subabul showed negative gain. Fixed K showed an accumulation in the basins of the crop species over three years. Water soluble K was more in monocrop basin as compared to the multispecies at 0-25 and 25-50 cms depth. Soil from interspace showed reverse trend.
Influence of High Density Multispecies Cropping on the P and K Forms in the Soil
(2007-02) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Biddappa, C.C.; Bopaiah, M.G.; Kailasam, C.
An account of gain or loss of different fractions of P and K in the soil under the coconut based high density multispecies cropping system over a period of three years has been worked out in a light textured soil at C. P. C. R. I. Kasaragod. In general, all the P fractions increased due to the high density in three year period. Building up of Fe-P in the soil was not marked as compared to Al-P and Ca-P. The Al-P content in the soil of coconut basin of multispecies as well as monocrop is very high at 0-25 cm and 25-50 cms. Wide variation in this fraction in the interspaces of high density and mono-cropping was noticed. There was a general increase in all the fractions of K over a period of three years cropped with different species. However, soil sampled from bread-fruit, nutmeg, coffee, pineapple and subabul showed negative gain. Fixed K showed an accumulation in the basins of the crop species over three years. Water soluble K was more in monocrop basin as compared to the multispecies at 0-25 and 25-50 cms depth. Soil from interspace showed reverse trend.
Influence of soil type on the development of moisture stress in coconut(Cocos nucifera L.)
(2007-02) Voleti, S.R.; Nambiar, C.K.B.; Rajagopal, V.; Kasturi Bai, K.V.
The response of three coconut genotypes namely West Coast Tall (WCT), WCT x Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD) and COD x WCT to moisture stress on red sandyloam and laterite soils was studied. High evaporative demand in the atmosphere combined with high soil nter deficit during March 1988 (stress period) affected coconut palms to different degrees on the two soil types. The palms suffered more on ltd sandy loam soil than on laterite soil, as shown by the stomatal regulation and leaf water potential components/Both the hybrids could wi-Astand drought better on laterite than on sandyloam soil. A preliminary understanding of the genotype-environment interaction in coconut m thus achieved.
More Facilities For Sri Lanka’ s Coconut Research Institute
(2007) Patil, R.T.; Nambiar, C.K.B.
Nutrient Uptake Index for Evaluating Nutrient Removal by Coconut Palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) During Pre-Bearing Stage
(2007-02) Wahid, P.A.; Nambiar, C.K.B.
An index method that permits comparison of removal of a nutrient by coconut palm at any given stage of growth before bearing, is described in this paper. Nutrient uptake index (NUI) for a given nutrient is arrived at by multiplying the nutrient concentration (per cent) in composited leaf sample by the number of leaves present at the time of sampling. NUI is expressed as a mere number and is taken as an estimate of the absolute quantity of the nutrient removed by the palm. The scope of the method is discussed.
A Rational Approach to the Management of Coastal Sands for Establishment and Production of Coconuts
(1983-06) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Hameed Khan, H.; Joshi, O.P.; Pillai, N.G.
The potential of different organic sources like coir dust, coconut sheddings, forest leaves and cattle manure blended with NPK straight fertilisers in establishment and growth of coconut seedlings were assessed at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod. The data collected for a period of 10 years from 1971 revealed that the addition of blended organic sources, particularly forest leaves and cattle manure markedly enhanced the growth and vigour of coconut palms as compared to palms treated with NPK fertilisers alone (control). The application of these organic sources also efficiently reduced the average mortality of seedlings than those under control treatment. Even the flowering, an index of production, got enhanced in palms treated with blended organic matter. Considerable build up in organic carbon status of coastal sands after 10 years and improvement in related properties like water holding capacity and bulk density were noticed in plots receiving the blended organic treatments. The organic matter blending with NPK significantly increased the available soil N over control after sixth year.
A Rational Approach to the Management of Coastal Sands for Establishment and Production of Coconuts
(1983) Nambiar, C.K.B.; Hameed Khan, H.; Joshi, O.P.; Pillai, N.G.
The potential of different organic sources like coir dust, coconut sheddings, forest leaves and cattle manure blended with NPK straight fertilisers in establishment and growth of coconut seedlings were assessed at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod. The data collected for a period of 10 years from 1971 revealed that the addition of blended organic sources, particularly forest leaves and cattle manure markedly enhanced the growth and vigour of coconut palms as compared to palms treated with NPK fertilisers alone (control). The application of these organic sources also efficiently reduced the average mortality of seedlings than those under control treatment. Even the flowering, an index of production, got enhanced in palms treated with blended organic matter. Considerable build up in organic carbon status of coastal sands after 10 years and improvement in related properties like water holding capacity and bulk density were noticed in plots receiving the blended organic treatments. The organic matter blending with NPK significantly increased the available soil N over control after sixth year.
Sun Drying Of Copra
(1982) Patil, R.T.; Nambiar, C.K.B.
The suitability of different drying surfaces and a solar drier (cabinet type) was assessed for effective drying of copra. The saving in time was observed as 21%, 31% and 39% by solar cabinet drier over black painted palmyra mat, jute cloth, and cement floor respectively. Solar cabinet drier showed higher drying rate during falling rate period (0.003 kg of water/kg of dry matter/hour) and black painted palmyra mat showed a higher rate of drying during constant rate period (0.1433 kg of water/kg of dry matter/hour). The colour of the oil obtained from the copra dried in solar cabinet drier and on black painted palmyra mat was clear. Drying of copra on black painted palmyra mat at first and later in solar cabinet drier, is suggested for quicker drying and larger operating capacity of the solar cabinet drier.

Browsing by Author "Nambiar, C.K.B."

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