Browsing by Author "Ravi Pandiselvam"

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    Coconut husk: A sustainable solution for eco-friendly packaging applications
    (2024) Azime Özkan Karabacak; Özge Süfer; Ravi Pandiselvam
    This paper explores the use of coconut husk as an eco-friendly alternative for packaging. It details the composition, extraction, and processing techniques of coconut husk, emphasizing its abundance and sustainable sourcing methods. Key findings include the use of polyphenols extracted from young coconuts, achieving an 81% reduction in CO2 gas permeability and a 79% reduction in oxygen transmittance rate, demonstrating significant antimicrobial properties. The study highlights the creation of eco-friendly paper from coconut husk fibers and the development of bioplastics. Biocomposite films derived from coconut coir showed enhanced tensile strength and elongation, outperforming starch-based films. Environmental benefits include waste reduction and sustainable resource utilization, with the inclusion of 3% coir cellulose nanofibers in composite films notably improving tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal stability. To sum up, this document highlights the importance of adopting sustainable materials in packaging and explores exciting possibilities for future studies, advancements in technology, and the widespread adoption of packaging solutions derived from coconut husks. This emphasizes the potential to drive a more environmentally friendly, sustainable, and eco-conscious packaging sector.
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    Comparison of engineering properties of organic and inorganiccoconut: Implications on the design of coir fiber extractionmachine
    (2024) Ravi Pandiselvam; M. R. Manikantan; P. Subramanian; Anandu Chandra Khanashyam; M. Anjaly Shanker; R. Surekha; Alka Gupta
    Coconut husk is widely used as a source of natural fibers in the tropics. Dehusking and fiber extraction are some of the important unit operations in coir manufacturing. For the development of an efficient and economically viable fiber extraction machine, the engineering properties of conventional and organically grown coconuts were evaluated. Selected engineering properties of whole coconut were investigated. The average true density and bulk density were in the range of 414.63 ± 111.85 to 529.28 ± 123.02 and 161.66 ± 24.41 to 212.23 ± 18.96 kg/m3, respectively. Along with whole coconuts, engineering properties of husk (weight, moisture content, and husk thickness), shell (weight, thickness, bulk density, and moisture content), and kernel parameters (weight, thickness, and moisture content) were also evaluated. The application of organic treatment (T4) exhibited substantial impacts, leading to a higher coconut weight (1.354 kg) as compared to conventional practices (T5), and increased dimensions (158.599 mm diameter and 205.000 mm height) and improved bulk density (190.97 kg/m3) in comparison to other organic treatments. In deshelled coconuts, T4 showcased a higher shell weight (175.667 g) and shell thickness (4.767 mm). The kernel parameters of T4 displayed enhancements, featuring a kernel weight of 314.334 g and a thickness of 11.774 mm. Although the study could not find any correlation between the farming practices and engineering characteristics of coconut fruit, the data presented herein could be utilized for the design and improvisation of efficient fiber extraction machines.
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    Physicochemical characterization and fatty acid profiles of testa oils from various coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) genotypes
    (2022-08-05) Ramesh, S.V.; Rose Mary; Shameena Beegum; Ravi Pandiselvam; Sugatha Padmanabhan; Neenu Sathyan; Sandip Shil; Niral; Manikantan Musuvadi Ramarathinam; Ankanahalli Narayanashetty Lokesha; Kodathalu Seetharamaiah Shivashankara; Dr. K. B. Hebbar
    BACKGROUND: Cocos nucifera (L.) is an important plantation crop with immense but untapped nutraceutical potential. Despite its bioactive potential, the biochemical features of testa oils of various coconut genotypes are poorly understood. Hence, in this study, the physicochemical characteristics of testa oils extracted from six coconut genotypes – namely West Coast Tall (WCT), Federated Malay States Tall (FMST), Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD), Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD), and two Dwarf × Dwarf (D × D hybrids) viz., Cameroon Red Dwarf (CRD) × Ganga Bondam Green Dwarf (GBGD) and MYD × Chowghat Green Dwarf (CGD) – were analyzed. RESULTS: The proportion of testa in the nuts (fruits) (1.29–3.42%), the proportion of oil in the testa (40.97–50.56%), and biochemical components in testa oils – namely proxidant elements Fe (34.17–62.48 ppm) and Cu (1.63–2.77 ppm), and the total phenolic content (6.84–8.67 mg GAE/100 g), and phytosterol content (54.66–137.73 mg CE/100 g) varied depending on the coconut genotypes. The saturated fatty acid content of testa oils (67.75 to 78.78%) was lower in comparison with that of coconut kernel oils. Similarly, the lauric acid (26.66–32.04%), myristic (18.31–19.60%), and palmitic acid (13.43–15.71%,) content of testa oils varied significantly in comparison with the coconut kernel oils (32–51%, 17–21% and 6.9–14%, respectively). Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis revealed the presence of 18 phenolic acids in coconut testa oil. Multivariate analysis revealed the biochemical attributes that defined the principal components loadings. Hierarchical clustering analysis of the genotypes showed two distinct clusters. CONCLUSION: This study reveals the genotypic variations in the nutritionally important biochemical components of coconut testa oils. The relatively high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and polyphenol content in testa oils warrant further investigation to explore their nutraceutical potential.
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    Transformative effects of infrared-assisted hot air drying on neera syrup concentrated coconut flakes: a comprehensive evaluation of physical properties, composition analysis and antioxidant profiles
    (2024) Ravi Pandiselvam; M. Mahamutha Thazneem; Manikantan, M.R; Anjitha Jacob; S. V. Ramesh; S h a m e e n a Be e g u m , P.P.
    The objective of this study is to develop coconut flakes that are readily consumable, using various drying techniques following osmotic dehydration in neera syrup concentrate (50ºBrix). A novel methodology and process have been established to create these coconut flakes, offering a distinct production approach. The infusion of neera syrup enhances taste, flavor, and color and augments the product’s nutritional content. Through drying experiments at 55, 65, and 75 ºC temperatures, the study seeks to identify the most suitable drying method and temperature. Analysis of the bioactive profile revealed that coconut flakes dried at 65 ℃ using infrared-assisted hot air dehydration (IRHAD) demonstrated exceptional nutritional attributes. These include a Hausner ratio of 1.04, Carr’s index of 4.22, rehydration ratio of 2.37, hygroscopicity of 1.68%, bulk density of 0.552 g/mL, tapped density of 0.610 g/mL, protein content of 3.92%, carbohydrate content of 33.86%, fat content of 34.29%, ash content of 1.92%, total phenolic content of 105.38 mg GA/100 g, DPPH activity of 88.81%, and FRAP of 0.00893 mg TE/100 g. Further investigations are warranted to assess the shelf life of coconut flakes, the influence of various packaging materials, and delve deeper into the biochemical properties of the dried samples.