Browsing by Author "Shama Bhat, K."

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    Agronomic research in arecanut-a review
    (2007-02-08) Shama Bhat, K.
    The work done and results achieved on the agronomic/management aspects of arecanut is reviewed. The studies relate to standardisation of nursery practices and field experiments to find out the long range requirements of the crop. Nursery trials have given sufficient information on the correct technique of raising arecanut seedlings. The long duration experiments have indicated the optimum cultural, spacing, irrigation and N, P, K requirements of the crop. The inter and mixed cropping trials have shown useful results.
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    Agronomy
    (1982-12) Shama Bhat, K.; Abdul Khader, K.B.
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    Agronomy
    (2007-02-08) Shama Bhat, K.; Abdul Khader, K.B.
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    An appraisal of mixed cropping trial on arecanut and cocoa
    (2007-02-08) Bhagavan, S.; Shama Bhat, K.
    While evaluating mixed cropping trials with two or more crops it is essential to give due importance to performance of different crops in a system and also the performance of system as a whole. In bivariate analysis of data on arecanut-cocoa mixed crop trial in which spacing-cum-manurial treatments were imposed, it was found that yield per plant was higher when arecanut was spaced at 2.7m x 2.7m and cocoa at 5.4m x 5.4m. However, when both the crops were planted at a spacing of 2.7m x 2.7m, eventhough there was a decrease in yield of individual plants, yield per unit area was significantly higher due to higher population density. The economic evaluation based on gross returns also highlights the efficacy of 2.7m x 2.7m spacing for both the crops with average gross returns to the tune of Rs. 82,830 per hectare.
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    Arecanut cultivation: The garden and its maintenance
    (2007-02-08) Shama Bhat, K.; Somaiah, M.P.
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    Arecanut research and development
    (CPCRI, 1985) Shama Bhat, K.; Radhakrishnan Nair, C.P.
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    Arecanut: Research and development
    (2007-02-08) Shama Bhat, K.; Radhakrishnan Nair, C.P.
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    Cacao under palms
    (1971) Shama Bhat, K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.
    There was no adverse affect on the performance of either areca or cacao in a mixed plantation during the period of study. The performance of cacao and coconut is also promising. The root spread of areca and cacao is restricted in the early years with the maximum concentration confined to a core of 60cm radius and 50cm depth. The possibility of raising cacao in the normally spaced coconut and arecanut plantations has been discussed.
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    Cocoa under palms
    (1972) Shama Bhat, K.; Bavappa, K.V.A.
    Interplanting cocoa with areca or coconut palms had no adverse effect on the performance of either crop during the period of study. The root spread of areca and cocoa is restricted in the early years, with the maximum concentration confined to a core of 60 cm radius and 50 cm depth. The possibility of raising cocoa in normally-spaced coconut and arecanut plantations is discussed.
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    Coconut and arecanut based high density multispecies cropping systems
    (2007-02-08) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Kailasam, C.; Khader, K.B.A.; Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, H.H.; Kasthuri Bai, K.V.; Ramadasan, A.; Sundararaju, P.; Bopaiah, B.M.; George V. Thomas; Misra, L.P.; Balasimha, D.; Bhat, N.T.; Shama Bhat, K.
    High density multispecies cropping models were laid out one each in coconut and arecanut plantations during 1983. Data on various aspects of the system behaviour showed that the yield of coconut and arecanut increased to the extent of 176% and 12S% respectively in the two systems. The possibility of getting additional yields due to cropping system approach was, evident. There was no marked yield difference of the crops in the full, two-third and one-third levels of fertilizers applied though depletion in N and Mg balance was indicated. The air space utilisation was 31% in coconut while it was 63% in the arecanut system. The biomass production of the two systems showed that there was substantial increase in coconut biomass while the biomass of other crops remained more or less the same. In general, there was build-up of P and K nutrients in the systems. Under the arecanut system N also showed increased balance. There was improved microbial activity in the systems. No serious pest and disease management problems were indicated due to the high density cropping system approach. A number of crop varieties and hybrids tolerant/resistant to the nematode pathogen could be identified. The interaction of various, factors for exploiting higher levels of productivity through a system approach and the need for predicting crop choices based on data and crop performance are discussed in the paper.
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    Coconut and arecanut based high density multispecies cropping systems
    (1986-12) Bavappa, K.V.A.; Kailasam, C.; Khader, K.B.A.; Biddappa, C.C.; Khan, N.H.; Kasthuri Bai, K.V.; Ramadasan, A.; Sundararaju, P.; Bopaiah, B.M.; George V. Thomas; Misra, L.P.; Balasimha, D.; Bhat, N.T.; Shama Bhat, K.
    High density multispecies cropping models were laid out one each in coconut and arecanut plantations during 1983. Data on various aspects of the system behaviour showed that the yield of coconut and arecanut increased to the extent of 176% and 125% respectively in the two systems. The possibility of getting additional yields due to cropping system approach was evident. There was no marked yield difference of the crops in the full, two-third and one-third levels of fertilizers applied though depletion in N and Mg balance was indicated. The air space utilisation was 31% in coconut while it was 63% in the arecanut system. The biomass production of the two systems showed that there was substantial increase in coconut biomass while the biomass of other crops remained more or less the same. In general, there was build-up of P and K nutrients in the systems. Under the arecanut system N also showed increased .balance. There was improved microbial activity in the systems. No serious pest and disease management problems were indicated due to the high density cropping system approach. A number of crop varieties and hybrids tolerant/resistant to the nematode pathogen could be identified. The interaction of various factors for exploiting higher levels of productivity through a system approach and the need for predicting crop choices based on data and crop performance are discussed in the paper.
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    Evaluation of banana varieties for intercropping in arecanut gardens
    (2007-02) Ramakrishnan Nayar, T.V.; Muralidharan, A.; Shama Bhat, K.
    Field experiments were conducted at the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI), Research Centre, Kannarar during the period 1975 to 1981 to identify banana varieties suitable for intercropping in arecanut gardens and to study the effects of intercropping with banana on the yield of arecanut palms. Among- the banana varieties tried. Robusta.Mysore Poovan, Red banana and Karpuravalhy were found suitable for intercropping in arecanut gardens. The variety Red banana gave maximum net returns under intercropping in arecanut gardens. There was no adverse effect on the yield of arecanut palms due to intercropping with banana.
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    Identification of high-yielding trees in cacao (Theobroma cacao)
    (2007-02) Shama Bhat, K.; Bhagavan, S.; Nair, R.V.
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    Inter and mixed cropping trials
    (Central Plantation Crops Research Institute Regional Station Vittaal 574243., 1990) Shama Bhat, K.
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    Inter-and Mixed Cropping in Arecanut Gardens
    (2007-02) Shama Bhat, K.; Abdul Khader, K.B.
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    Maximise Income from Arecanut Gardens
    (2007-02) Shama Bhat, K.; Nayar, N.M.
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    Maximise Income from Arecanut Gardens
    (1976-02) Shama Bhat, K.; Nayar, N.M.
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    Methodology for Cacao Germplasm Evaluation in Areca Cacao Intercropping Experiment with Super-Imposed Treatments
    (1987) Bhagavan, S.; Shama Bhat, K.; Nair, R.V.
    A few Malaysian cacao accessions were introduced into India in 1969 with a view to study the possibility of cultivating them in arecanut gardens as an intercrop to enhance per unit area returns. Since cacao is gaining importance in the national economy in recent times, it necessitated identification of superior genotypes with high yield potential. Even though some of these introduced germplasm material showed high yield, as they are growing as an intercrop in an arecanut garden with manurial and spacing treatments, it couldnt be taken as their actual yield potential with certainty. Therefore a methodology has become very much essential to assess their genotypic potential to utilise them in future breeding programme. An attempt is made here to evaluate the eleven germplasm material which are uniformly distributed in a spacing cum manurial trial of areca-cacao intercropping experiment. The experimental data arising out of the model yijk = μ + bi, + Sj + mk + (sm)jk + eyk under the usual assumptions were transformed to satisfy the model yim = μ + Tl + Clm by eliminating the various treatment effects (bi,, Sj, mk, (sm)jk) and separating out the contribution of accessions (TI) which were masked in the residual term eijk. Analysis of this transformed data enabled us to identify Amel x Na33, Landas 357 and Landas 364 as better performers with regard to both number and weight of pods.