Browsing by Author "Shanavas, M."
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Item Boron deficiency in coconut (Cocos nucifera L)(2007-02-08) Kamalakshi Amma, P.G.; Shanavas, M.; Prema, D.Boron is an essential micronutrient for plants. It helps in division and multiplication of meristematic tissues. Boron deficient palms exhibit different disorder symptoms. In coconut, the deficiency of boron causes various malformations, thereby decreasing the productivity substantially. In seedlings the deficiency symptoms are manifested by unopened and crinkled leaves, rachis with necrotic tips, bare and necrotic leaf stalk with short stubby leaves, production of hardy leaflets with asymmetrical arrangements, rachis with longitudinal/transverse cracking etc. In adult palms the deficiency resulted in the production of branched spikes, premature death of inflorescence, production of inflorescence with lesser female flowers, shedding of female flowers, cracking of nuts externally/internally with meat protruding towards the mesocarp and barren nuts with partial/ unevenly developed kernel having poor quality copra. The malformations may be exhibited either singly or by various combinations based on the intensity of the deficiency. Studies conducted at C.P.C.R.I (RS), Kayangulam showed that these symptoms of boron deficiency could be cured by application of 300g and 500g borax to the seedlings and adult palms respectively along with the recommended dose of fertilizers. This paper discusses the various symptoms of boron deficiency and its management.Item Chemical synthesis of ferrugineol and field assay for trapping Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Oliv.(2007-02-08) Mayilvaganan, M.; Nair, C.P.R.; Shanavas, M.; Saritha S. NairItem Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) as a low cost input green manure crop for basin management under coconut root (wilt) garden(2003-09) Maheswarappa, H.P.; Anitha Kumari, P.; Kamalakshi Amma, P.G.; Shanavas, M.Practicing eco-friendly low cost input technology in a viable option for increasing the productivity of crop. Growing Cowpea, a green manure legume crop as cover in coconut basin is found to be one of the standardized low cost input techniques in root wilt affected garden for sustainable productivity. The author Maheswarappa projects the benefit of growing cowpea in coconut garden.Item Dynamics of rhinoceros beetle damage as influenced by pheromone trapping(2016-12) Joseph Rajkumar, A.; Subaharan, K.; Chandrika Mohan; Shanavas, M.; Sunny Thomas; Nampoothiri, C.K.Item Economic evaluation of high density multispecies cropping system in root (wilt) disease affected coconut (Cocos nucifera) area in Kerala(2011) Krishnakumar, V.; Maheswarappa, H.P.; Jayasekhar, S.; Shanavas, M.Root (wilt) disease, which is debilitative in nature, is one of the major constraints affecting coconut productivity in Kerala. Adoption of integrated management practices especially effective utilization of inter space in the coconut garden by inclusion of various crops shall constitute an ideal approach to improve the health and productivity of coconut palms. An experiment was undertaken at the Regional Station of Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kayamkulam, Kerala from 2004 to 2008 to evaluate the economics of high density multispecies cropping system (HDMSCS) model with different annual and perennial crops in an existing 39 year old West Coconut Tall (Cocos nucifera) garden affected by root (wilt) disease. Various crops such as elephant foot yam, pineapple, banana, black pepper and nutmeg were raised as component crops with coconut in the HDMSCS. The overall coconut yield under the system improved by around 17 % during the fourth year of experiment when compared to the initial yield of 53 nuts/palm due to the management practices including recycling of organic biomass produced through vermicomposting and basin raising and incorporation of green manure crop. In the total cost of cultivation incurred, cost of labour was the highest, ranging from 50 to 75 % during 2007-08 and 2005-06, respectively. The net return varied from Rs.15,064 to Rs.25,687 during 2005-06 and 2006-07, respectively. In the absolute monetary terms, the contribution of inter/mixed crops in the HDMSCS varied from 30 (2005-06) to 51 % (2006-06). Analysis of coconut equivalent yield showed that the overall contribution of inter/mixed crops was about 40 %, indicating the beneficial effects of the cropping system in coconut gardens, especially in areas where root(wilt) disease is a problem causing reduction in farm family income. The economic advantage of HDMSCS over mono cropping was 61 % with a BC ratio of 1.59 indicating that the coconut based high density cropping system is economically viable in root (wilt)disease affected areas provided the disease incidence is well managed by adopting integrated practices and other production and price related risks are at normal level. Analysis of root (wilt) disease incidence from the experimental field indicated significant decrease in the disease incidence due to adoption of HDMDCS in disease affected gardens.Item Effect of borax application on young coconut palms(2005) Kamalakshi Amma, P.G.; Shanavas, M.; Prema, D.; Jacob MathewItem Effect of long term coconut-grass system on certain nutrients in the soil(2007-02-08) Biddappa, C.C.; Bopaiah, M.G.; Kailasam, C.; Shanavas, M.; George, K.M.Nutrient profile, balance and input-output of nutrients over three block periods in an existing coconut fodder system under high rainfall condition of Kasaragod have been computed. Coconut-grass system enriched over control plot in organic carbon, nitrogen, manganese and copper in the surface soil while the nutrients in lower profile was low. While these elements were of net gain in the system over control, potassium, calqum, phosphorus and magnesium were on net loss. Over a period of fourteen years, guinea grass legume mixture gained NPK over other grass treatments. The input-output balance for the control plot (without grass) was negative for all the nutrients studied except phosphorus and potassium.Item Field assay of locally synthesised ferrugineol for trapping Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(2003-03) Mayilvaganan, M.; Nair, C.P.R.; Shanavas, M.; Saritha S. NairItem Influence of integrated nutrient management and high density multi-species cropping system on soil properties, plant nutrition and yield in root (wilt) affected coconut palms(2007-02) Maheswarappa, H.P.; Shanavas, M.; Kamalakshi Amma, P.G.; Anitha Kumari, P.A field experiment was conducted at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (Regional Station), Kayamkulam, Kerala, India to study the effect of integrated nutrient management and high density multi-species cropping system in root (wilt) affected garden on root (wilt) index, yield of coconut palms and soil properties. The experimental results indicated that, there was improvement in soil properties like water holding capacity, organic carbon, major and micronutrient status of the soil due to adoption of integrated nutrient management practices and high density multi-species cropping system. There was improvement in the yield of the palms under different root (wilt) diseased palms coupled with reduction in root (wilt) indices due to reduction in root (wilt) symptoms especially yellowing. The increase in nut yield (five years average) was to the tune of 54.5%, 52%, 48.3% and 40.9% under apparently healthy, disease early, disease middle and disease advanced palms in comparison with pre-experimpntal yield.Item Management strategies to knock down red palm weevil infesting coconut(2016) Josephrajkumar, A.; Chandrika Mohan; Anjali, A.S.; Sunny Thomas; Shanavas, M.Item A note on recovery of coconut palms affected by tapering disorder through fertilizer application(2004-12) Kamalakshiamma, P.G.; Shanavas, M.Item Nutrient Management in Coconut(2007-02) Kamalakshi Amma, P.G.; Shanavas, M.; Prema, D.