Browsing by Author "Subramanian, P."
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Item Agro-techniques for higher coconut productivity under coastal sandy soil(2012) Subramanian, P.; Dhanapal, R.; Palaniswami, C.; Alka Gupta; Maheswarappa, H.P.Item Agro-techniques for Higher Coconut Productivity Under Coastal Sandy Soil(2011-05) Subramanian, P.; Dhanapal, R.; Palaniswami, C.; Alka Gupta; Maheswarappa, H.P.Item Ball copra production and marketing(2024-12-01) Augustine Jerard, B.; Sumitha, S.; Subramanian, P.; Jagadeesha; G.S. Chandrasekhar; Sudhrashan G.KItem Basic and Applied Aspects of Vermicompost - Production and Use in Agri-Horticulture and Some Experiences in Vermicomposting of Coconut Plantation Wastes(2011) Prabhu, S.R.; George V. Thomas; Subramanian, P.; Biddappa, C.C.; Radha D. KaleItem Cash flow analysis of coconut based high density multi-species cropping system – A case study(2007-02-08) Sairam, C.V.; Gopalasundaram, P.; Srinivasa Reddy, D.V.; Subramanian, P.; Umamaheswari, L.; Hegde, M.R.The cash flow analysis was performed for the coconut based intercropping systems under optimum management conditions for the period 1983-84 to 1996-97, involving banana, clove and pineapple as the inter/mixed crops. The variable capital requirements for adoption of the system ranged between Rs. 8,200/ha during 1984-85 to Rs. 40, 570/ha during 1996-97 for full dose of recommended fertilizers. This was mainly due to the increase in labour cost which alone contributed to 46-72% of the annual maintenance cost. The gross margin realized from the system ranged between Rs. -1,750/ha during 1983-84 to Rs. 92,230/ha during 1996-97. The capital requirement was marginally less when 2/3rd of the recommended fertilizers were applied. The Benefit Cost Ratio of the system was more than three for full as well as two-third level of fertilizers doses.Item Chlorophyll and nitrogen determination in coconut using a non-destructive method(2016) Hebbar, K.B.; Subramanian, P.; Sheena, T.L; Shwetha, K.; Sugatha Padmanabhan; Arivalagan Manivannan; Varaprasad, P.V.Item Coastal sandy soil management through intercropping/alley cropping of glyricidia in the coconut garden(2006) Subramanian, P.; Dhanapal, R.; Palaniswami, C.; Maheswarappa, H.P.Item Coconut based farming system for livelihood and nutritional security(2017-03) Maheswarappa, H.P.; Subramanian, P.; Krishnakumar, V.; Ravi BhatItem COCONUT ARECANUT MIXED CROPPING(2000) Dhanapal, R.; Subramanian, P.; Meheshwarappa, H.P.Item Coconut arecanut mixed cropping(2000) Dhanapal, R.; Subramanian, P.; Maheswarappa, H.P.The experience based on the survey conducted in the coconut gardens of Kasaragod district during October and November 1999 is discussed in this paper. In general coconut and arecanut mixed cropping is not recommended due to common disease, pest and morphological features due to which various intensity of competition occurs in different periods of crop growth. Planting arecanut in the interspace of coconut when coconut age is five to eight years leads to lanky palms, delayed flowering and 60-70% reduction from expected yield. The technical flaws in the existing plantations and ways to overcome the same are discussed in detail.Item Coconut based farming system for higher income and employment opportunities(2014-06) Subramanian, P.; Thamban, C.; Maheswarappa, H.P.Item Coconut Based Farming System: A Gandhia harmony of diverse crops, livestock and soil microorganisms(2020-10) Murali Gopal; Alka Gupta; Subramanian, P.; Anitha KarunItem Coconut based high density multispecies cropping system under different levels of fertilizers in red sandy loam soils(2007-02-08) Srinivasa Reddy, D.V.; Subramanian, P.; Gopalasundaram, P.Coconut based HDMSCS model consisting of clove (112 plants/ha), banana (345 plants/ ha) and pineapple (2250 plants/ha) was studied under full, two-third, one-third, one-forth, one-fifth of recommended fertilizers of crops as per the package of practices for productivity and economic viability for four consecutive years (1995-96 to 1998-99) at CPCRI, Kasaragod. The data on mean productivity of crops revealed that the yield levels have declined with reduction of fertilizers below the one-third of recommended dose in the system. The coconut yield did not vary much among one-third, two-third and full dose of recommended fertilizers (147 to 152 nuts/palm/year). However, fertilizer levels below one-third dose recorded a mean nut yield of 124 to 133 nuts/palm/year. The component crops viz. clove, pineapple and banana performed better under two-third and full dose of recommended fertilizers in the system. The clove have not flowered under control and one-fifth dose in some years. The banana bunch weight was 5.12 and 5.54 kg under two-third and full dose an increase of 54.7% and 67.4% respectively over control. Pineapple also recorded an increase of 23.2% and 27.1 % fruit weight respectively over control. The total cost for the system was Rs. 29,127/ha under absolute fertilizer control plot, increased by 3.9%, 4%, 4.8%, 11.6% and 18% under one-fifth, one-forth, one-third, two-third and full dose of fertilizers, respectively. The net income was maximum with two-third of fertilizers (Rs. 75,375/ha) followed by full (Rs. 69,798/ha), one-third (Rs. 64,781/ ha), one-forth (Rs. 58,535/ha) and control (Rs. 50,618/ha). This indicates that the system is more economically viable at two-third of recommended fertilizers of individual crops.Item Coconut based Mixed Cropping and Integrated Farming system for Realizing Higher Income(2022-02) Thamban, C.; Subramanian, P.; Mathew, A.C.Item Coconut climbing methods and devices: A participatory analysis of constraints and strategies(2011) Thamban, C.; Mathew, A.C.; Muralidharan, K.; Subramanian, P.; Vidhan Singh, T.; Madhavan, K.Socio-economic characteristics, extent of knowledge about integrated management of selected pest and diseases of coconut and technical efficiency of mechanical climbing devices were analysed in a study conducted among 87 coconut climbers in Kasaragod District. Matrix scoring, one of the Participatory Rural Appraisal tools, was employed to elicit data for the participatory assessment of the climbing devices. Among the climbers 22 per cent were illiterate, 57 per cent had primary school level of education, eight per cent were landless and 64 per cent were having only 10 to 50 cents of land holding. Only 14 per cent of the climbers used mechanical devices for climbing coconut palms. Seventy four per cent of the climbers attended to plant protection measures, mainly control measures for bud rot disease and rhinoceros beetle, apart form harvesting and crown cleaning. Except one climber, none of them had attended any training on PP measures in coconut. Majority of the climbers did not possess the required level of knowledge about the control measures recommended against bud rot disease and rhinoceros beetle infestation. The average time taken to set the device on the tree was more for the Chemberi Joseph model of climbing device but it took less time for climbing up the tree. CPCRI model was assessed better on the dimension of safety for the climber and simplicity in the design of the device. Chemberi Joseph model was assessed better on the dimensions of less drudgery involved in climbing, suitability for using under all weather situations and cost of the device.Item Coconut Cultivation and Coconut Based Enterprises in Lakshadweep - Changing Scenario and Need for Revitalizing Coconut Sector(2022-03) Shameena Beegum; Thamban, C.; Subramanian, P.; Mathew, A.C.; Ananth, P.NItem Coconut cultivation making small farmers cheerful(2017) Ravi Bhat; Subramanian, P.; Chowdappa, P.Item Coconut-growing soils of Kerala: 2. Assessment of fertility and soil related constraints to coconut production(2018) Nair, K.M; Abdul Haris, A.; Jeena Mathew; Srinivasan, V.; Dinesh, R.; Hamza, H.; Subramanian, P.; Thamban, C.; Chandran, K.P.; Krishnakumar, V.; Ravi Bhat; Hegde, R.; Singh, S.K.Item Comparative Evaluation of Soil Health and Fertility Under Organic, Inorganic and Integrated Nutrient Management in Coconut Based Mixed Farming System(2010) Palaniswami, C.; George V. Thomas; Subramanian, P.; Dhanapal, R.; Selvamani, V.Item Cowpea: A potential nutrient source in coconut garden(2017-07) Subramanian, P.; Surekha, R.; Ravi Bhat; Selvamani, V.