Browsing by Author "Vivek R. Bhat"

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    Adverse effect of neem oil on arecanut fruit setting
    (2007-02-08) Vivek R. Bhat
    Dakshina Kannada and Kasaragod coastal areca belt has Se^n^^iilmiA^-fbr adverse effect ofneem on arecanut production since 1997. Neem and similar planfBaseapesticides have been used as a prophylactic spray against scale infestation from the day of opening of areca spathe at regular intervals. This comes in the way of natural pollination which otherwise is wind mediated by - (i) making the male flowers not to open or dry up fast, (ii) aggravating the temperature effect and (Hi) mechanically blocking the entry of pollens into the receptive female flowers. An observatory study in the field and in the laboratory comprising three spray liquids viz., two unbranded but in vogue with the farmers (one neem based and the other cashew nut shell liquid based) and another Neemazal (10,000ppm Azadirachtin) from EID Parry (I) Ltd. at three concentrations in a CRD model, has confirmed the negative impact of these pesticides on arecanut pollination. Pollens deposited on the control agar media with no spray solution only germinated and hence thephyto-toxicity on the areca inflorescence is indicated.
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    Comparative studies on elite cocoa progenies in their initial years of growth
    (Indian Society for Plantation Crops, 2008) Elain Apshara, S.; Vivek R. Bhat; Velayudhan Nair, R.
    Hybridization work in cocoa conducted at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute during 1983-1997 has yielded many progenies of selected crosses. The field evaluation of those selected progenies carried out in discrete experiments under different environments and progeny trials resulted in certain best performing lines. They were evaluated for their performance in arecanut garden under uniform conditions in their initial years of growth. Assessment of growth and vigour of the hybrids with morphological observations, pod yield and bean characteristics was done to confirm the production potential of 21 selected elite progenies. The hybrids PII- 5, PII- 3, PIII-I-23 and PI-IV-478 were vigorous with sturdy stem and well spread canopies. Early bearing from second year of growth was observed in the hybrids PIII-II-89, PI-IV-478, PI-I-18 and PI-I-38. The hybrids PI-IV-478, PI-I-38, PIII-I-23, PIII-II-54 and PI-I-18 showed high pod yield potential with an annual yield of more than 50 pods per tree per year at the age of six years. Individual pod characteristics like size, husk to bean ratio, total pod weight recorded significant difference among hybrids. Bean parameters especially wet to dry bean ratio, shelling and recovery percentage and single dry bean weight were also studied to assess the suitability of the hybrids for the industries.
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    Evolving high yielding varieties by selection and hybridization in cocoa
    (Central Plantation Crops Research Institute Regional Station Vittal, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka - 574 243, 2000) Vivek R. Bhat
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    Half SIB analysis for physiological traits in cocoa
    (2007-02) Anilkumar, V.; Niral, V.; Balasimha, D.; Ananda, K.S.; Vivek R. Bhat; Parthasarathy, V.A.
    Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) plants are sensitive to drqught and hence expansion of cultivation has been hampered due to dry spells of 3-6 months in Southern India. Efforts made to identify drought tolerance characteristics among the cocoa accessions have resulted in identification of five tolerant lines. Four high yielding trees viz., 1-14 (Red axil), 1-21,1-29 (Amel x Na33) and II-67 (Landas 364) were selected as female parents and crossed with drought tolerant pollen parent viz., NC 42/94 (T86/2). The F1 hybrid seedlings were planted in the field for evaluation. Field measurements on physiological parameters were made during stress and non - stress conditions. Twenty two physiological parameters were studied in four cocoa hybrids, namely, 1-14 x NC42/94,1-21 x NC 42/94,1-29 x NC 42/94 and II-67 x NC 42/94. The parameters were analyzed under non - stress and stress conditions. The characters that showed high heritability and genetic advance under stress were sugar, potasium, leaf temperature, internal C02, water potential, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase and acid phosphatase. The heritabilities and genetic advance of the hybrids under non-stress were high for total chlorophyll, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and acid phosphatase indicating that the nature of gene action varies under the control of environment. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations among the traits were also studied.
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    Performance of selected clones of Nigerian cocoa
    (2001) Vivek R. Bhat; Nair, R.V.; Ananda, K.S.