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Recent Submissions
Genetic diversity of Pterocarpus dalbergioides (Andaman Padauk) accessions of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(2023) Jaisankar, I.; Augustine Jerard, B.; Manasseh Moses. E; P.Simhachalam
Forty three phenotypically superior accessions of Pterocarpus dalbergioides, identified from different locations of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, were subjected to genetic diversity analysis using 26 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers [12 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and 14 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs)]. The percentage of polymorphic bands detected by ISSR and RAPD was 37.04 and 37.62%, respectively. RAPD primers OPN 04 and OPN 08 gave 53% & 63% polymorphism respectively. Among ISSR primers, (GACA)8G gave 100% polymorphism. Clustering pattern of accessions of Pterocarpus dalbergioides remained more or less similar in RAPD and combined data of RAPD and ISSR. Present study confirmed fair extent of genetic variation within the species even though it is exposed to a wide range of environmental conditions across Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
Effect of packaging materials and storage temperature on the physicochemical and microbial properties of ultrasonicated mature coconut water during storage
(2023) Anjitha Jacob; I.P. Sudagar; Pandiselvam, R.; P. Rajkumar; M. Rajaveld
Preservation and shelf life extension of mature coconut water (MCW) is paramount importance for the production of flavored beverages. The present study aims to evaluates the effects of packaging materials (glass bottles, PET bottles and stand-up pouches) and storage temperatures such as atmospheric (28 ±6 ◦C) and cold storage (5 ±1 ◦C) temperatures on microbial growth and quality parameters (pH, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), total sugar, reducing sugar, and non-reducing sugar) of ultrasound treated MCW during storage. The results showed that pH, total soluble solids, total sugar, reducing sugar and non-reducing sugars decreased significantly (p <0.05) during storage, irrespective of packaging materials. It was observed that the microbial load increased significantly (p <0.05) during storage of ultrasonicated samples and control samples. The present study concluded that ultrasonication of MCW at 60% amplitude for 10 min treatment time increased their shelf life up to 12 days under cold storage condition (5 ±2 ◦C) with a safe limit of microbial load and maximum retention of nutrients. Even though all the packaging materials were found to be statistically on par (p >0.05) in maintaining quality parameters and microbial load, glass bottles were observed to be most effective packaging followed by PET bottles and stand-up pouches.
Impact of Integrated Ultra Violet-Ozone Treatment on Textural and Structural Properties of Dough Made of Natural Fiber Based Agro Residues
(2023) M.P. Harikrishnan; V. Vishnu; Anjineyulu Kothakota; Pandiselvam, R.; T. Venkatesh; Saju Pillai; Manikantan, M.R.
In this study, de-oiled rice bran (RB) and virgin coconut oil cake (VCOC) were selected as base materials. Corn starch, wheat bran, and guar gum were taken as binding agents. The doughs were treated with combined Ultraviolet (UV) (1000 μW/cm2 for 15 min) and Aqueous Ozone (AO) (3 mg/L, exposure time 5 min and pH of 4). The effect of these non-thermal treatments on microbial log reduction, textural characteristics, glass transition (Tg), and crystallinity was studied and compared with the control. The results for all samples, dough raising capacities differed widely by 10–30%. Bulk Density and True Density were 1.6 to 2.5 g/cm3 and 2.3 to 3.3 g/cm3. X-Ray Diffraction indicated 30–45% crystallinity, and crystallite size ranges between 0.54 and 0.90 nm. DSC indicated Tg and melting point between 49°C-55°C and 98°C-101°C for RB dough and at 54°C-60°C and 107°C-134°C for VCOC dough samples. UV with AO treated dough showed a maximum of 5.2 log microbial reduction compared to the untreated sample. The developed RB and wheat bran combination demonstrated the highest tensile strength (0.62 MPa) whereas RB-starch combination had the minimum water absorption (1.33 ml/min). This indicates the ability of additives to improve the characteristics of biodegradable cutlery made from agricultural residues.
An Overview of Andaman and Nicobar Mangroves - Existing Day State of Affairs
(2023) Hari Nivas Asokan; Iyyappan Jaisankar; Nikil Lele; Bosco Augustine Jerard
This review provides an overview of biotic and abiotic components and a detailed studies on tropical mangrove ecosystem, existing in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Mangrove ecosystem in these Islands is considered unique and wide-ranging among other mangrove systems in India owning to the unique biogeographical behaviours with diverse biological adaptable mechanisms, stabilizing the climatic conditions. Zonation of mangroves, application of remote sensing tools, physical characters and it’s associated micro flora, fauna community with reported checklist of species are deals with in this review. It was revealed that 48 species of mangroves have been documented so far in Andaman and Nicobar Islands by various workers. There are 78 species of mangrove associated Abstract Hari Nivas Asokan,1 Iyyappan Jaisankar,1 Nikil Lele,2 Bosco Augustine Jerard3 associated fungi, 128 species of meiofauna, 277 species of fishes, saltwater crocodiles, and endemic birds, reptiles and mammals have been recorded and this list is setting added up every year by various organizations with new reports of flora and fauna from the mangrove ecosystems of these Islands.
Evaluation of Growth Conditions, Antioxidant Potential, and Sensory Attributes of Six Diverse Microgreens Species
(2023) Ajeet Singh Dhaka; Harsh Kumar Dikshit; Gyan P. Mishra; Mechiya Tomuilim Tontang; Nand Lal Meena; Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar; Ramesh, S.V.; Sneh Narwal; Muraleedhar Aski; Vinutha Thimmegowda; Sanjeev Gupta; Ramakrishnan M. Nair; Shelly Praveen
Microgreens belong to a class of functional foods with valuable nutritional elements and diverse health benefits when consumed as food supplements. Its consumption has increased sharply due to the abundance of different health-promoting components than their mature plants. The present study investigated the growth conditions and nutritional profiles of six crops mungbean, lentil, red radish, pearl-millet, mustard, and red cabbage) as microgreens grown under the light with a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle. Firstly, the optimum temperature and the day of harvesting of each of the microgreens for their maximum yield were standardized. The optimum temperature ranged from 24 to 28 C, and the best stage for their harvesting ranged from the 6th to 13th day for all six microgreens species. Physiological parameters such as height, yield, color, moisture content, seed weight to fresh weight (FW) ratio, and FW to dry weight (DW) were also estimated. All the microgreens were analyzed for the total phenolics content, total anthocyanin content, vitamin C, free radical scavenging activity, dietary fiber, and phytic acid contents at the harvesting stage. Total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and vitamin C contents ranged from 55 to 1240 mg/100 g, 25 to 186 mg/100 g, and 22 to 86 mg/100 g, respectively, in the studied microgreens. Red cabbage and pearl-millet microgreens accumulated higher phenolics than other studied microgreens, while total anthocyanin content was higher in red radish and pearl-millet microgreens. Vitamin C content was recorded as highest in red cabbage microgreens. DPPH-based free radical scavenging activity ranged from 62–84% and was highest in red cabbage microgreens. All the microgreens were also analyzed for their dietary fiber (DF) content which ranged from 2.5–12.5% and was recorded as maximum in pearl millet microgreens. The findings of this study offer helpful information on the growth circumstances necessary to produce microgreens with the greatest nutrient and health benefits.