Biological control of Meloidogyne incognita on black pepper by Pasteuria penetrans and Paecilomyces lilacinus
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1997-06
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Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita causes considerable damage to black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Efficacy of two known bio-control agents namely Pasteuria penetrans, an endospore forming bacteria and Paecilomyces lilacinus, a parasitic fungus on eggs for the control of M. incognita on black pepper was studied in pots under greenhouse condition. P. Penetrans and P. lilacinus reduced nematode population, root-gall indices and improved the growth of the plants and root mass production significantly. Fifteen per cent reduction was noticed in the vine length of plants inoculated with nematode alone while it was only 8 to 15% in vines treated with either P. lilacinus or P. penetrans or both with nematodes. Number of leaves/nodes produced was maximum in control plants compared to a minimum in nematode inoculated vines. Fresh shoot and root weight were significantly greater in all treatments infested with M. incognita in the presence of one or both the bio-control organisms than M. incognita alone. Among the two biocontrol agents studied, /. lilacinus was more effective compared to /. penetrans, but combination of both the organisms (PI + PP) was found to be very effective in the management of root-knot nematode in black pepper. Both /*. lilacinus and P. penetrans did not cause any adverse effect on plant growth and they were found to survive and effective even after two years of innoculation under greenhouse conditions. The natural occurrence of P. penetrans on M. incognita on cardamom from Vandanmedu, Idukki district, Kerala is reported for the first time. Black pepper being a perennial crop is a very good host for the maintenance of P. penetrans on M. incognita.
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Journal of Plantation Crops 25(1) : 72-76 June, 1997