Local and landscape factors determine functional bird diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforestry

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dc.contributor.authorYann Clough
dc.contributor.authorTeja Tscharntke
dc.contributor.authorDadang Dwi Putra
dc.contributor.authorRamadhanil Pitopang
dc.date.accessioned2014-04-11T06:51:40Z
dc.date.available2014-04-11T06:51:40Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.description.abstractLarge-scale intensification of smallholder cacao management is currently affecting the agroforestry landscapes of Sulawesi (Indonesia), the world’s third largest cacao producer. Little is known about how this shift from diverse plantations to full-sun cacao will affect functionally important biodiversity within the agroecosystem, and how this is related to landscape-wide patterns in land-use and natural ecosystems. We recorded birds in 43 cacao plots differing in woody and herbaceous vegetation as well as distance to forest in two valleys around the Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi. Species richness of frugivores and nectarivores decreased with increasing distance to forest, whereas granivorous birds increased in richness. Forest specialists, but not habitat generalists, responded positively to forest edge proximity. Species richness of all functional groups except seed eaters increased at higher density of tall shade trees. Greater species richness of shade trees was associated with higher species richness of frugivores and nectarivores, while herbaceous vegetation did not have a strong impact on the avifauna. The positive effect of shade trees was independent of distance to forest. In conclusion, our study shows the relative importance of local and landscape effects on bird diversity with shade trees being critical for bird conservation in cacao agroforestry landscapes.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBiological Conservation 142 (2009) 1032–1041en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/370
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectAgricultureen_US
dc.subjectAvifaunaen_US
dc.subjectFunctional groupsen_US
dc.subjectRainforesten_US
dc.subjectSulawesien_US
dc.titleLocal and landscape factors determine functional bird diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforestryen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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