The effectiveness of somatic embryogenesis in eliminating the cocoa swollen shoot virus from infected cocoa trees
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Date
2008
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Abstract
Investigations were undertaken on the use of somatic embryogenesis to generate cocoa swollen shoot virus (CSSV) disease free clonal propagules from infected trees. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) capillary electrophoresis revealed the presence of CSSV in all the callus tissues induced from the CSS V-infected Ameionado cocoa trees (T 1 , T2 and T4). The virps was transmitted to primary somatic embryos induced from the i nfecied callus tissues atiherace of 10 (J9%), 18 (14%) and 16 (15%) forTl.T2 and T4, reĀ«,p<sctively. Virus free primary somatic embryos from the injected callus tissues converted into plantlcts tested CSSV negative by PCR/capillary electrophoresis 2 years after weaning. Secondary somatic embryos induced from the CSSV-infected primary- somatic embryos revealed the presence of virai fragments at the rate of 4 (4%) and 9 (9%) for T2 and T4, respectively. Real-time PCR revealed 23 of the 24 secondary somatic embryos contained no detectable virus. Based on these findings, it is proposed that progressive elimination of the CSSV in infected cocoa trees occurred from primary embryogenesis to secondary embryogenesis.
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Keywords
cocoa swollen shoot virus (CSSV), Primary embryogenesis, Secondary embryogenesis, Somatic embryos, PCR/capillary electrophoresis, Real-time polymerase chain reaction
Citation
Journal of Virotogical Methods 149 (2008) 91-96